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改革开放以来,我国的养老保障体系得以逐步建立和完善。截至2012年年底,全国参加城镇职工基本养老保险的人数为30427万人,当年养老基金收入20001亿元,支出15562亿元,年末累计结存23941亿元。借助社会统筹与个人账户相结合的筹资模式,我国基本解决了现阶段退休职工的养老金发放问题。不过,随着我国老龄化程度的不断加剧、劳动力人口的逐渐减少,现行养老保障体系正面临严峻挑战。根据联合国发布的《2010世界人口展望》的相关数据,到2050年,我国65周岁以上人口与20-64岁之间劳动力人口的比例将达到45.4%,不仅超出亚洲平均水平(30.7%),而且也超过了美国(39.5%)和英国(44.1%),成为世界上老龄化程度最严重的国家之一。在劳动力人口绝对数方面,我国劳动年龄人口在2012年出现了首次下降,减少345万,且至少在2030年以前我国不满60周岁的劳动年龄人口仍会逐步减少。人口年龄结构的变化给我国城
Since the reform and opening up, China’s pension system has gradually been established and improved. By the end of 2012, the number of people participating in the basic old-age insurance for urban workers in the country was 304.27 million. In the same year, the pension fund income was 200.1 billion yuan, with the expenditure of 1.55662 trillion yuan and the accumulated balance of 2.3994 trillion yuan at the end of the year. With the financing model of combining social pooling with individual accounts, China has basically solved the issue of retirement benefits for retirees at this stage. However, with the increasing degree of aging in our country and the gradual reduction of the labor force population, the current pension security system is facing severe challenges. According to the “World Population Prospects 2010” released by the United Nations, by 2050, the proportion of China’s population aged 65 years and over and the labor force between 20-64 will reach 45.4%, not only exceeding the Asian average of 30.7%, but also It also surpassed the United States (39.5%) and the United Kingdom (44.1%), making it one of the most aging countries in the world. In terms of the absolute labor force population, the working-age population of our country declined for the first time in 2012 by a decrease of 3.45 million. At least the working-age population under the age of 60 in our country will still be gradually reduced by at least 2030. Changes in the population age structure to our city