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前言 影像学检查是PTE最主要的确诊手段。其中包括核素扫描、CT、MRI和肺动脉造影。前三者为无创性检查方法。而肺动脉造影为PTE诊断的参比方法和“金标准”。到目前为止,没有一个单独的无创检查是既敏感又特异的。选择最初的检查手段往往需要结合临床表现和患者自身的特点。应以尽可能少的步骤尽快确诊或除外PTE。联合应用几种辅助检查可以提高诊断的精确性,然而仍会有病人被误诊。CT及MRI的快速发展使之成为PTE的首选诊断手段,并且有取代有创性肺动脉造影的趋势。
Preface Imaging examination is the most important diagnostic tool of PTE. These include radionuclide scanning, CT, MRI and pulmonary angiography. The first three are noninvasive methods of examination. Pulmonary angiography is the reference method for the diagnosis of PTE and the “gold standard.” So far, no single non-invasive examination is both sensitive and specific. The initial choice of examinations often requires a combination of clinical presentation and the patient’s own characteristics. PTEs should be diagnosed or excluded as soon as possible with as few steps as possible. Combined use of several tests can improve the accuracy of the diagnosis, but there are still patients will be misdiagnosed. The rapid development of CT and MRI make it the first choice of diagnosis of PTE, and there is a trend to replace invasive pulmonary angiography.