亚当·斯密在其著作中对工资和贫困进行了比较全面的分析。他认为,劳动工资取决于劳资双方的协议和国民财富。生活必需品是体面生活所需的一切商品。不同的社会发展阶段,贫穷劳动者状态不同,在静止的状态中境遇艰难,在退步状态中是困苦的。贫困对生育、子女抚养、劳动能力等带来不同的影响。随着修道院施舍的衰微,教区救济得到发展,但它妨碍了贫民的自由流动。斯密的贫困研究充满了伦理关怀。 Adam Smith in his book on wages and poverty were more comprehensive analysis. In his opinion, labor wages depend on agreements between employers and employees and on national wealth. Essential necessities of life is all the goods needed for a decent life. In different stages of social development, poor laborers have different states and are struggling in a state of quiescence and are in a difficult state of retreat. Impoverishment has different impacts on childbirth, child rearing and working ability. Parochial relief has been developed with the decline of monastic alms, but it has impeded the free flow of the poor. Smith’s poverty study is full of ethical concerns.