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本文基于锻炼心理学领域中的“从无活动到保持活动的四步骤模型”(Four Steps from Inactivity to Activity;FIT模型),以3807名大学生为研究对象,考察了大学生身体活动变化阶段与各阶段对应的每周能耗量之间的关系。研究结果表明:(1)大学生各阶段平均每周身体活动能耗量依次为:前考虑期188.30千卡、考虑期319.30千卡、准备期586.84千卡、波动期1270.73千卡、探索期1604.44千卡和保持期1862.59千卡。变化阶段与能耗的相关性有统计学意义(r=0.627,P<0.001)。(2)不同阶段、不同年级大学生的每周身体活动能耗量存在显著性差异。低年级大学生在考虑期、准备期和波动期的每周能耗量均显著高于高年级,男大学生在保持期和波动期的每周能耗量均显著高于女大学生。(3)每两个相邻阶段的能耗量均有显著性差异,且前考虑期、考虑期和准备期三个不活动阶段的每周身体活动能耗水平均显著小于800千卡(世界卫生组织欧洲地区身体活动推荐最低标准)。波动期、探索期和保持期三个活动阶段的每周身体活动能耗水平均显著大于800千卡。本研究验证了身体活动变化阶段与每周能耗量的对应关系,为考察FIT模型身体活动阶段测量的效度提供了初步的实证性支持。
Based on the “Four Steps from Inactivity to Activity” (FIT model) in the field of exercise psychology, this paper investigated 3,807 college students with different stages of physical activity The relationship between the corresponding weekly energy consumption. The results showed that: (1) The average weekly physical activity energy consumption of college students was 188.30 kcal in prior period, 319.30 kcal in consideration period, 586.84 kcal in preparation period, 1270.73 kcal in fluctuation period and 1604.44 k Card and keep 1862.59 kcal. The correlation between changes and energy consumption was statistically significant (r = 0.627, P <0.001). (2) At different stages, the energy consumption of physical activities of college students in different grades has significant difference. The energy consumption of lower grade college students during the period of preparation, study and fluctuation was significantly higher than that of upper grade, and the weekly energy consumption of male college students was significantly higher than that of female college students during their retention and fluctuation periods. (3) There were significant differences in energy consumption between two adjacent stages, and the weekly physical activity energy consumption in the three periods of inactivity, consideration and preparation was significantly less than 800 kcal (world WHO recommended minimum standards for physical activity in Europe). Fluctuation, exploration and retention phases of the three activities of the weekly physical activity energy consumption levels were significantly greater than 800 kcal. This study verifies the correspondence between the phase of physical activity changes and energy consumption per week, and provides preliminary empirical support for investigating the validity of the FIT model during the measurement of physical activity.