论文部分内容阅读
一、贫困的概念1.基本的定义只要翻翻有关文献就会马上发现,关于贫困的任何一个定义都未得到普遍一致的同意。但是,一个通常谈到的——因而是可阐明的——定义是可以相对地较快地找到的。例如,《联邦德国政府关于发展政策的第9个报告》写道:遭受贫困的人不能过“像样的生活”(BMZ1992,13)。实际上每一个研究贫困的人确实都能同意这种表述。但是将“像样的生活”具体化就会因文化、宗教、社会价值体系的不同而发生意见分歧。刚才提到的联邦德
I. THE CONCEPTS OF POVERTY 1. Basic Definitions As soon as the relevant literature has been translated, one immediately discovers that there is no universal agreement on any of the definitions of poverty. However, one commonly mentioned - and thus clarifiable - definition can be found relatively quickly. For example, “the Federal Government of Germany’s ninth report on development policies” states: “People living in poverty can not live a decent life” (BMZ 1992, 13). In fact, everyone who studies poverty really agrees with this statement. However, the concrete embodiment of the “decent life” will result in differences of opinion due to the differences in culture, religion and social value system. Federal Republic just mentioned