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目的在肠壁、微绒毛及肠腺3个观察水平对大鼠小肠进行三维重建,观察其内部各结构的三维形态学特征及空间位置关系。方法正常SD大鼠1只,取小肠制作石蜡包埋标本,经连续切片、HE染色后,进行数字化图像采集;经图像拼接、预处理、配准、分割及三维重建等步骤后,观察各结构空间相互位置关系,并进行形态学指标测量。结果三维重建图像能够直观、立体地显示肠壁及肠壁内各结构(如动脉、静脉、淋巴管、微绒毛、肠腺等)的三维形态及相互空间位置关系。根据重建结果测量得到多项形态学指标,如微绒毛密度、平均高度,肠腺密度、体积。结论小肠黏膜下层与微绒毛内部存在丰富的血管网及淋巴管网,其排列方式与小肠的吸收及免疫功能密切相关。
OBJECTIVE: To study the three-dimensional reconstruction of small intestine in three levels of intestinal wall, microvilli and gut gland in order to observe the three-dimensional morphological features and the spatial location of each structure. Methods One normal SD rat was taken from the small intestine to make paraffin-embedded specimens. After serial sections and HE staining, the digital images were collected. After the steps of image splicing, pretreatment, registration, segmentation and three-dimensional reconstruction, the structures were observed. Spatial mutual positional relationship, and morphological measurements. Results The three-dimensional reconstructed image can visually and stereoscopically display the three-dimensional shape and the spatial relationship of various structures (such as arteries, veins, lymphatic vessels, microvilli, intestinal glands, etc.) in the intestinal wall and the intestinal wall. According to the reconstruction results, a number of morphological indicators were measured, such as microvilli density, average height, gut density and volume. Conclusion There are abundant vascular network and lymphatic network in the small intestinal submucosa and microvilli. The arrangement is closely related to intestinal absorption and immune function.