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目的了解宜兴市2012—2015年中小学生伤害发生及变化情况,为探讨学生伤害干预模式提供参考。方法对宜兴市16所试点学校所有在校学生作为干预和回顾性调查对象,通过2012—2015年间3年的综合与个性化干预,进行干预效果评价。结果 2015年9—11月回顾性调查学生伤害发生率为2.23%,与2012年同期(2.89%)相比有所降低(χ~2=15.44,P<0.01)。2012年伤害发生原因前5位分别为跌倒/坠落(59.05%)、锐器伤(12.43%)、动物致伤(9.32%)、交通事故(6.95%)、钝器伤(6.40%);2015年分别为跌倒/坠落(54.34%)、动物致伤(12.67%)、交通事故(8.93%)、锐器伤(7.65%)、钝器伤(3.57%)。外地户籍学生伤害发生率稍高于本地,差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.132,P=0.716);男生明显高于女生(χ~2=4.110,P=0.043)。结论 3年伤害干预工作有实际效果。应加强多部门协作,继续探索有效之路。
Objective To understand the occurrence and changes of primary and secondary school students’ injuries from 2012 to 2015 in Yixing, and to provide reference for exploring the patterns of student injury intervention. Methods All school students in 16 pilot schools in Yixing City were used as the intervention and retrospective survey, and the comprehensive and individualized interventions for 3 years between 2012 and 2015 were conducted to evaluate the intervention effect. Results The incidence of student injury in retrospective survey from September to November in 2015 was 2.23%, which was lower than that in the same period of 2012 (2.89%) (χ ~ 2 = 15.44, P <0.01). The top 5 causes of injuries in 2012 were fall (59.05%), sharp injuries (12.43%), animal injuries (9.32%), traffic accidents (6.95%) and blunt trauma (6.40%) respectively; The year was fall / fall (54.34%), animal injury (12.67%), traffic accident (8.93%), sharp injury (7.65%) and blunt injury (3.57%). The incidence of student hukou in local residents was slightly higher than that of local residents (χ ~ 2 = 0.132, P = 0.716). The boys were significantly higher than those of girls (χ ~ 2 = 4.110, P = 0.043). Conclusions The 3-year injury intervention has a practical effect. Multi-sectoral collaboration should be strengthened to continue exploring effective ways.