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环境法是基于一定的社会、经济以及法理层面的背景而兴起的。就社会的层面而论,社会矛盾易于因有限的自然环境而形成,进而推动着建立新型群体社会,激发着新型规章体制的建立。在经济层面上,自由主义的市场经济思想受到了冲击。在法理的层面上,注重个体社会义务以及社会性权利的社会连带主义法学诞生于20世纪初,将“社会利益”当作基本标准,用于解决个体间的权利纷争问题。
Environmental law is based on a certain social, economic and legal background. As far as the social aspect is concerned, the social contradictions tend to form due to the limited natural environment, which in turn promotes the establishment of a new type of group society and stimulates the establishment of a new type of regulatory system. At the economic level, the liberal market economy has been hit hard. At the level of jurisprudence, social law of joint jurisprudence focusing on individual social obligations and social rights was born at the beginning of the 20th century, using “social benefits” as the basic criterion for resolving disputes over rights among individuals.