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目的通过门静脉部分缩窄法建立大鼠门静脉海绵样变性(CTPV)动物模型,探索适宜的制模条件并为下一步研究其临床诊断和治疗方法提供可靠、稳定的模型动物。方法采用Sprague-Dawley(SD)大鼠80只,根据使用的不同直径的钝头针均分为4组:假手术组、19G组、21G组和23G组,除假手术组外,其余3组分别用19G、21G和23G直径的钝头针行大鼠门静脉部分缩窄术以建立CTPV动物模型。术后6周,同时采用门静脉测压、门静脉造影、门静脉及其周围组织病理学检查评估门静脉高压及海绵样变形成情况。结果假手术组无大鼠死亡,19G组、21G组和23G组在制模术后48 h内死亡的大鼠分别为2、4和16只。假手术组和19G组大鼠制模术后6周未形成门静脉高压;门静脉造影显示门静脉通畅,无曲张与扩张;病理学检查显示门静脉管腔无增大、内皮细胞光滑、中膜平滑肌层无增厚、外膜完整。21G组和23G组制模术后6周门静脉压力均升高,CTPV形成;门静脉造影显示门静脉周围侧支循环形成;病理检查显示多个管腔大小不一、外形不规则血管腔,管腔之间为较狭窄的纤维性间隔,其内可见脂肪细胞、散在的淋巴细胞及肥大细胞,门静脉管腔增大、血管内膜受损、内皮细胞脱落、中膜平滑肌增厚和血栓形成。结论门静脉部分缩窄法可以复制出类似CTPV的大鼠模型。21G钝头针更适宜CTPV大鼠模型的制作,该模型动物死亡率低,且成模率较高,比较稳定。
OBJECTIVE: To establish rat portal vein cavernous degeneration (CTPV) animal model by partial portal vein narrowing, to explore suitable modeling conditions and to provide a reliable and stable animal model for further clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods Eighty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into 4 groups according to different diameters of blunt needles: sham operation group, 19G group, 21G group and 23G group. Except sham group, the other 3 groups The CTPV animal models were established by partial narrowing of the portal vein with 19G, 21G and 23G diameter blunt needles respectively. At 6 weeks after operation, portal hypertension and sponge-like degeneration were evaluated by portal vein pressure measurement, portal vein angiography, portal vein and its surrounding tissue pathology. Results No rats died in the sham operation group, and rats in the 19G, 21G and 23G groups died 2, 4 and 16 respectively within 48 h after the operation. There was no portal hypertension in the sham operation group and the rats in 19G group at 6 weeks after operation. The portal vein was unobstructed by portal vein angiography without varices and dilatation. The pathological examination showed no enlargement of the portal vein lumen, smooth endothelial cells, Thickening, outer membrane integrity. The portal vein pressure increased at 6 weeks after operation in 21G group and 23G group, and CTPV was formed. The portal venous angiography showed the formation of collateral circulation around the portal vein. The pathological examination revealed multiple lumen sizes, irregularly shaped vessels, Between the narrow fibrous septum, which can be seen in fat cells, scattered lymphocytes and mast cells, the portal vein lumen increased, intimal damage, endothelial cell loss, intimal smooth muscle thickening and thrombosis. Conclusion Partial portal vein narrowing method can replicate a rat model similar to CTPV. 21G blunt needle is more suitable for the production of CTPV rat model, the model animal mortality is low, and the molding rate is higher and more stable.