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> it作形式主语
______ is generally accepted that a boy must learn to stand up and fight like a man.
A. This B. ThatC. It D. What
解析：选C。it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。
it作形式主语主要用于以下句型中：
It’s no use / good doing sth.
It + be + adj. + of / for sb. to do sth.
It happens / appears / seems that…
It + be + adj. / n. / 过去分词 + that…
> it作形式宾语
We feel ______ our duty to make our country a better place.
A. itB. thisC. that D. one
解析：选A。it作形式宾语，our duty是宾补，不定式短语to make our country a better place作真正的宾语。
It作形式宾语常见于以下句型：
sb. think / find / consider / make it + adj. / n. /现在分词 + to do / 从句
sb. like / love /enjoy / hate / appreciate it + when / if…
sb. depend (rely / count) on it / see to it / take it for granted that…
> it作代词
The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase ______.
A. themB. thoseC. it D. that
解析：选C。it作代词，指代前面的the employment rate。it作代词可以指代前面提及的同一事物，而that用于指代同类的事物。
1. 指代天气、时间、距离等。 It can be very warm in September.
2. 指代上文或下文出现的事物或提及的内容。I picked up the plate and put it on the table.
3. 指代某人的身份或小孩。 The child smiled when it saw its father.
4. 表示不确定指代或双方都知道的事物。How it going with you?
> it用于固定的句型中
Tom has been working very hard for the last three years. ______he does very well in all his lesson.
A. there is no pointB. There is no needC. It is no wonderD. It is no way
解析: 选C。It is no wonder=That’s why，表示“难怪”。
It is the first / second time + that…
It + be + 时间点 + when
It + be + 时间段 + since…
It + be + 时间段 + before…
> it引导强调句型
It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do ______ benefits our work most.
A. who B. whichC. that D. what
解析：选C。考查强调句型用法，被强调部分是not…but连接的两个并列的主语从句。
1. 强调句的的基本结构
基本结构：It + is / was + 被强调部分 + that /who… 当被强调部分是除谓语以外的主语、宾语、表语和状语时，用that；只有当被强调部分为人时，才用who。
It was in the street that I met with Michael Jordan yesterday.
2. 强调句的一般疑问句形式
Was it you that I came across in the street last night?
3. 强调句的特殊疑问句形式
Why! I have nothing to confess. What is it you want me to say?
4. not until结构的强调句
It wasn’t until we had stayed together for a couple of weeks that I found we had a lot in common.
5. 强调部分为从句
It’s not what we do once in a while that shapes our lives, but what we do consistently.
> 辨析it与one, ones, this, that, those
—Silly me! I forget what my luggage looks like.
—What do you think of ______ over there?
A. the one B. this C. itD. that
解析：选D。that指代the luggage。因为luggage是不可数名词，不能选A。B中this表示接近讲话者的事物或人，与over there相矛盾。it特指上文提及的同一个事物。
it指代上文出现的同一个事物，既可指代可数名词又可指代不可数名词，而one指代上文的同一类事物，且只能指代可数名词，其复数形式是ones。This/that/these/those清楚地返指上文提到的事物或事实。that用来代替前面提到的同类名词（但并非同一事物），以避免重复，既可指代单数可数名词，可用the one替代；也可以指代不可数名词。其复数形式是those, 可以用the ones替代，指代复数名词，表示特指。this指在地点、时间、脑子里更接近讲话者的事物或人，其复数形式为these。
> 含it的固定短语
—I’d like to take a week’s holiday.
—______, we’re too busy.
A. Don’t worry B. Don’t mention it C. Forget it D. Pardon me
解析：选C。forget it表示“没关系、别在意、算了吧”。
1. make it 规定时间；办成、做到、赶到
2. forget it 没关系、别在意、算了吧
3. watch it 当心、注意
4. go it 赶快干、加把劲
It depends. 取决于、看情况
> 结合定语从句辨析it与关系代词
The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but ______ didn’t help.
A. it B. sheC. whichD. he
解析：选A。But是并列连词，连接两个并列的分句，it指代前一个分句。有些考生可能受思维定势影响，误选C。若去掉but应选which，which引导一个非限制性定语从句。
it 可以用来指代整个句子。若题干中没有并列连词but，and等，就可用关系代词which来指代前面整个句子，若出现并列连词，就可用it来指代前一个分句。
> 检测题
I. 单项填空题
1. Has ______ been decided that when we will hold the meeting?
A. thatB. thisC. itD. what
2. The teacher told the naughty student again and again that he shouldn’t play computer games, but ______ didn’t help.
A. heB. whichC. she D. it
3. —Who knocked at the door?
—I’ve no idea. I just pretended nobody was at home, so I didn’t ask who ______ was.
A. he B. itC. sheD. that
4. ______ no need for us to discuss the problem again. It has already been solved.
A. It has B. There has C. It is D. There is
5. I can’t remember how many days ago ______ a fight broke out between the young man and the young woman.
A. it was that B. was it that C. it was when D. was it when
6. It is the fourth time we ______ to wait for Anne. It’s so rude for her to make us all wait in the rush hour.
A. have B. have hadC. hadD. will have
7. It was Tom and Joe who sent the injured old gentleman to hospital, ______?
A. did theyB. didn’t they C. wasn’t itD. was it
8. —Excuse me. I want to have a book mailed, but I can’t find a post office.
—I know______ in the neighborhood. Come on, I’ll show you.
A. itB. oneC. that D. another
9. ______ seems to be a strong competition in the US for senior high students to enter Harvard University.
A. ItB. Which C. WhatD. That
10. I don’t think you can make ______ to the town in the bad weather.
A. that B. oneC. them D. it
II．把下列句子翻译成英语。
1. 有人在按门铃，去看看是谁。
2. 覆水难收。
3. 我认为学好英语非常重要。
4. 我是在北京认识这个著名篮球运动员的。
5. 那真是一个美好的夜晚，我有好几年没有玩得如此开心了。
Keys: I. 1 — 5 CDBDA 6 — 10 BCBAD
II. 1. Somebody is ringing the doorbell. Go and see who it is.
2. It is no use crying over spilt milk.
3. I think it important to learn English well.
4. It was in Beijing that I knew the famous basketball player.
5. That was a wonderful evening. It is years since I enjoyed myself so much.
______ is generally accepted that a boy must learn to stand up and fight like a man.
A. This B. ThatC. It D. What
解析：选C。it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。
it作形式主语主要用于以下句型中：
It’s no use / good doing sth.
It + be + adj. + of / for sb. to do sth.
It happens / appears / seems that…
It + be + adj. / n. / 过去分词 + that…
> it作形式宾语
We feel ______ our duty to make our country a better place.
A. itB. thisC. that D. one
解析：选A。it作形式宾语，our duty是宾补，不定式短语to make our country a better place作真正的宾语。
It作形式宾语常见于以下句型：
sb. think / find / consider / make it + adj. / n. /现在分词 + to do / 从句
sb. like / love /enjoy / hate / appreciate it + when / if…
sb. depend (rely / count) on it / see to it / take it for granted that…
> it作代词
The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase ______.
A. themB. thoseC. it D. that
解析：选C。it作代词，指代前面的the employment rate。it作代词可以指代前面提及的同一事物，而that用于指代同类的事物。
1. 指代天气、时间、距离等。 It can be very warm in September.
2. 指代上文或下文出现的事物或提及的内容。I picked up the plate and put it on the table.
3. 指代某人的身份或小孩。 The child smiled when it saw its father.
4. 表示不确定指代或双方都知道的事物。How it going with you?
> it用于固定的句型中
Tom has been working very hard for the last three years. ______he does very well in all his lesson.
A. there is no pointB. There is no needC. It is no wonderD. It is no way
解析: 选C。It is no wonder=That’s why，表示“难怪”。
It is the first / second time + that…
It + be + 时间点 + when
It + be + 时间段 + since…
It + be + 时间段 + before…
> it引导强调句型
It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do ______ benefits our work most.
A. who B. whichC. that D. what
解析：选C。考查强调句型用法，被强调部分是not…but连接的两个并列的主语从句。
1. 强调句的的基本结构
基本结构：It + is / was + 被强调部分 + that /who… 当被强调部分是除谓语以外的主语、宾语、表语和状语时，用that；只有当被强调部分为人时，才用who。
It was in the street that I met with Michael Jordan yesterday.
2. 强调句的一般疑问句形式
Was it you that I came across in the street last night?
3. 强调句的特殊疑问句形式
Why! I have nothing to confess. What is it you want me to say?
4. not until结构的强调句
It wasn’t until we had stayed together for a couple of weeks that I found we had a lot in common.
5. 强调部分为从句
It’s not what we do once in a while that shapes our lives, but what we do consistently.
> 辨析it与one, ones, this, that, those
—Silly me! I forget what my luggage looks like.
—What do you think of ______ over there?
A. the one B. this C. itD. that
解析：选D。that指代the luggage。因为luggage是不可数名词，不能选A。B中this表示接近讲话者的事物或人，与over there相矛盾。it特指上文提及的同一个事物。
it指代上文出现的同一个事物，既可指代可数名词又可指代不可数名词，而one指代上文的同一类事物，且只能指代可数名词，其复数形式是ones。This/that/these/those清楚地返指上文提到的事物或事实。that用来代替前面提到的同类名词（但并非同一事物），以避免重复，既可指代单数可数名词，可用the one替代；也可以指代不可数名词。其复数形式是those, 可以用the ones替代，指代复数名词，表示特指。this指在地点、时间、脑子里更接近讲话者的事物或人，其复数形式为these。
> 含it的固定短语
—I’d like to take a week’s holiday.
—______, we’re too busy.
A. Don’t worry B. Don’t mention it C. Forget it D. Pardon me
解析：选C。forget it表示“没关系、别在意、算了吧”。
1. make it 规定时间；办成、做到、赶到
2. forget it 没关系、别在意、算了吧
3. watch it 当心、注意
4. go it 赶快干、加把劲
It depends. 取决于、看情况
> 结合定语从句辨析it与关系代词
The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but ______ didn’t help.
A. it B. sheC. whichD. he
解析：选A。But是并列连词，连接两个并列的分句，it指代前一个分句。有些考生可能受思维定势影响，误选C。若去掉but应选which，which引导一个非限制性定语从句。
it 可以用来指代整个句子。若题干中没有并列连词but，and等，就可用关系代词which来指代前面整个句子，若出现并列连词，就可用it来指代前一个分句。
> 检测题
I. 单项填空题
1. Has ______ been decided that when we will hold the meeting?
A. thatB. thisC. itD. what
2. The teacher told the naughty student again and again that he shouldn’t play computer games, but ______ didn’t help.
A. heB. whichC. she D. it
3. —Who knocked at the door?
—I’ve no idea. I just pretended nobody was at home, so I didn’t ask who ______ was.
A. he B. itC. sheD. that
4. ______ no need for us to discuss the problem again. It has already been solved.
A. It has B. There has C. It is D. There is
5. I can’t remember how many days ago ______ a fight broke out between the young man and the young woman.
A. it was that B. was it that C. it was when D. was it when
6. It is the fourth time we ______ to wait for Anne. It’s so rude for her to make us all wait in the rush hour.
A. have B. have hadC. hadD. will have
7. It was Tom and Joe who sent the injured old gentleman to hospital, ______?
A. did theyB. didn’t they C. wasn’t itD. was it
8. —Excuse me. I want to have a book mailed, but I can’t find a post office.
—I know______ in the neighborhood. Come on, I’ll show you.
A. itB. oneC. that D. another
9. ______ seems to be a strong competition in the US for senior high students to enter Harvard University.
A. ItB. Which C. WhatD. That
10. I don’t think you can make ______ to the town in the bad weather.
A. that B. oneC. them D. it
II．把下列句子翻译成英语。
1. 有人在按门铃，去看看是谁。
2. 覆水难收。
3. 我认为学好英语非常重要。
4. 我是在北京认识这个著名篮球运动员的。
5. 那真是一个美好的夜晚，我有好几年没有玩得如此开心了。
Keys: I. 1 — 5 CDBDA 6 — 10 BCBAD
II. 1. Somebody is ringing the doorbell. Go and see who it is.
2. It is no use crying over spilt milk.
3. I think it important to learn English well.
4. It was in Beijing that I knew the famous basketball player.
5. That was a wonderful evening. It is years since I enjoyed myself so much.