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词是以“类”的形式聚合在一起的,人们很早就认识到了这一点并将这一观念运用到语文教学和第二语言教学中。我们在研究中发现,不仅词是可以类聚的,与某个单音节形容词搭配的名词也呈现出“类”的特点。同时,我们还发现某类形容词搭配的名词的“类”也存在共性。从心理语言学的角度来看,词的“义类”与人脑中的“心理词典”相吻合。与某个形容词搭配的名词具有“类”的特征,其中某个词被激活,其他的词也比较容易被激活。掌握这一特点有助于学生快速理解并掌握更多的形名搭配形式。认识并积极利用形容词搭配名词的“义类”特点,对我们的第二语言教学将大有裨益。
Words are grouped together in the form of “classes”, and people have long recognized this and applied this notion to Chinese teaching and second language teaching. In our study, we found that not only words can be clustered, but also the nouns associated with a monosyllable adjective also show the characteristics of “class ”. At the same time, we also found that there are commonalities between the “classes” of certain noun collocations. From a psycholinguistic point of view, the “” meaning of the word matches the “mental dictionary ” in the human brain. Nouns collocated with an adjective have the character “”, in which one word is activated and others are relatively easy to activate. Grasp this feature helps students to quickly understand and master more form with the name. Recognizing and actively using the “righteousness” features of adjectives in conjunction with nouns will be of great benefit to our second language teaching.