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目的加深对小儿特发性血小板减少性紫癜的病因、临床表现及转归的认识。方法对我院收治的90例ITP患儿临床资料进行分析。结果(1)急性型69例(63.8%),慢性型10例(11.1%),放弃治疗11例。(2)42例(46.7%)有前驱感染病史。(3)60例(80%)轻中度出血,6例(6.7%)重度出血。(4)就诊时35例(38.9%)血小板≤25×10~9/L,26例(28.%)≤10×10~9/L。(5)骨髓涂片66例,其中45例(68.2%)巨核细胞总数增多,21例(31.8%)巨核细胞数正常。结论小儿ITP大多数为急性型,预后良好;病毒感染与小儿ITP发病关系密切;以肾上腺皮质激素为主的治疗方案治疗小儿ITP疗效显著。
Objective To deepen the understanding of the etiology, clinical manifestation and prognosis of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in children. Methods The clinical data of 90 ITP children admitted to our hospital were analyzed. Results (1) 69 cases (63.8%) were acute, 10 cases (11.1%) were chronic and 11 cases were given up. (2) 42 cases (46.7%) had a history of prodromal infection. (3) 60 cases (80%) mild to moderate bleeding, 6 cases (6.7%) severe bleeding. (4) 35 cases (38.9%) had platelet count less than 25 × 10 ~ 9 / L at the time of treatment, 26 cases (28%) ≤10 × 10 ~ 9 / L. (5) 66 cases of bone marrow smear, of which 45 cases (68.2%) increased the total number of megakaryocytes, 21 cases (31.8%) of the normal number of megakaryocytes. Conclusions The majority of children with acute ITP are acute and the prognosis is good. The virus infection is closely related to the onset of ITP in children. The therapeutic effect of adrenal cortical hormone therapy on children with ITP is significant.