如同一切新事物的出生总是从旧事物的躯壳中孕育并脱胎出来,因而不可避免地带有旧事物的形态、痕迹和残留物一样,近代企业诞生时并不与生俱来地带着完善的近代企业组织管理制度。洋务派的官办企业包含着浓重的封建衙门的色彩。最初的商办企业则主要仿效在华的外商企业,而洋人所奉行的外国资本主义企业的某些管理方式,在半殖民地半封建的旧中国 As the birth of all new things is always born from the shell of the old things and is born out of them, it inevitably bears the form, traces, and residues of the old things. Modern enterprises were born without perfect modernism. Enterprise organization management system. The official business of the Westernization School contains strong feudal voices. The initial commercial enterprises were mainly emulated as foreign companies in China, and some foreign capitalist enterprises practiced certain management methods in semi-colonial and semi-feudal old China.