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目的对非晶硅薄膜太阳能电池行业职业病危害特征及其防护效果进行分析,为制定职业病危害预防控制措施提供依据。方法通过职业卫生学调查和职业病危害因素检测等方法,于2008—2011年对深圳市该行业在生产过程中产生的职业病危害因素及危害程度、防护设施及其效果和应急救援设施等进行评价。结果该行业存在磷化氢、乙硼烷和矽尘等严重的职业病危害因素,工作场所中各类职业病危害因素均符合国家职业卫生标准。结论该行业属职业病危害严重的项目,但机械化、自动化和密闭化程度高,现行的职业病防护设施及其防护效果符合卫生要求。鉴于该行业工作场所在生产过程中有可能突然逸出大量有害物质,需定期对其进行危险性进行评价和实行危险度的管理。
Objective To analyze the characteristics of occupational hazards and their protective effects in the amorphous silicon thin film solar cell industry and provide the basis for the prevention and control measures of occupational hazards. Methods By occupational health survey and detection of occupational hazards in 2008-2011, the occupational hazards and hazard levels, protective facilities and their effects and emergency rescue facilities in the industry in Shenzhen were evaluated. Results There were serious occupational hazards in the industry such as phosphine, diborane and silica dust. All kinds of occupational hazards in the workplace were in line with the national occupational health standards. Conclusion The industry is a serious occupational disease project, but the mechanization, automation and confinement of a high degree, the current occupational disease prevention facilities and protective effect in line with health requirements. In view of the fact that the workplace may suddenly release a large amount of harmful substances in the production process, the risk assessment and risk management should be carried out on a regular basis.