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通过对江苏、安徽、山东、河南、湖北、河北和四川7省小麦赤霉病菌对多菌灵抗性及敏感菌株Fusarium asiaticum和F.graminearum的鉴定、所产生毒素的化学型及多菌灵抗性菌株检出时序性的分析,初步推测了小麦赤霉病菌对多菌灵抗性群体在中国麦区的扩散路径。结果表明:江淮流域的江苏、安徽、湖北3省和四川省小麦赤霉病菌对多菌灵的抗性或敏感菌株优势群体均是F.asiaticum,而黄淮流域的山东、河南2省及河北省小麦赤霉病菌对多菌灵的敏感菌株优势群体为F.graminearum,抗性菌株优势群体则为F.asiaticum。江苏、安徽、山东和河南抗多菌灵菌株F.asiaticum产生毒素的化学型为3-AcDON和NIV,并以3-AcDON为主。江苏省连续使用多菌灵防治小麦赤霉病长达20多年后才检测到田间抗性菌株,而近年来检测到田间抗性菌株的山东、河南2省用多菌灵防治赤霉病的历史较短,且为偶尔使用,药剂的选择压力相对较小,因此推测山东和河南麦区出现的小麦赤霉病菌抗多菌灵菌株可能是通过种子调运及联合收割机跨区作业等方式从抗药性发生较早的江淮麦区流入的。
Through the identification of Fusarium asiaticum and F.graminearum against Fusarium graminearum in seven provinces of Jiangsu, Anhui, Shandong, Henan, Hubei, Hebei and Sichuan provinces, the chemical and carbendazim The sequence analysis of the virulent strains showed that the pathogen of Fusarium graminearum could spread the carbendazim resistance population in Chinese wheat region. The results showed that F.asiaticum was the dominant group of the resistant or susceptible strains of Fusarium graminearum in Jiangsu, Anhui and Hubei provinces and Sichuan province in the Yangtze-Huaihe River basin, while Shandong and Henan provinces in the Huang-Huai Valley and Hebei The dominant population of susceptible strains of Fusarium graminearum to carbendazim was F.graminearum, while the dominant group of resistant strains was F.asiaticum. The anti-carbendazim strains F.asiaticum producing toxins in Jiangsu, Anhui, Shandong and Henan are of 3-AcDON and NIV chemical types and are mainly 3-AcDON. The continuous use of carbendazim in Jiangsu Province for the control of wheat scab has only been detected for more than 20 years in the field, and in recent years, the detection of field-resistant strains in Shandong and Henan provinces of carbendazim Shorter, and occasionally used, the choice of pharmaceutical pressure is relatively small, speculated that wheat and wheat in Shandong and Henan Fusarium graminearum anti-carbendazim may be transported through the seed and combine harvester cross-regional operations from the anti Jianghuai occurred earlier drug influx of wheat area.