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目的了解肺结核病流行现状,探索提高肺结核病人的发现和管理水平的对策。方法分析2004~2005年新发涂阳肺结核病人的流行病学资料和转归情况。结果调查的224例病人中,20~50岁青壮年占47.3%,60岁以上年龄组占33.0%。各种职业均有发病,其中以农民最多,达41.5%;其次为工人,占28.1%。病人出现症状后延误就诊比例达42.4%。涂阳肺结核病人的治愈率只有72.6%。治疗期间的迁出率达到25.0%。结论应加强老年群体、农民等肺结核病高发人群的监测,针对不同人群开展不同形式的宣传活动,提高广大群众结核病防治知识知晓率,加强与综合性医疗机构的合作,以提高肺结核病人的发现率。同时还应加强流动人口中肺结核病人的管理,以提高结核病的治愈率。
Objective To understand the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis and to explore ways to improve the level of tuberculosis patients’ discovery and management. Methods The epidemiological data and prognosis of new smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients from 2004 to 2005 were analyzed. Results Among the 224 patients surveyed, 47.3% of young adults aged 20-50 years and 33.0% of those over 60 years old. A variety of occupational diseases, of which the largest number of farmers, up 41.5%; followed by workers, accounting for 28.1%. After the onset of symptoms, the proportion of delayed treatment reached 42.4%. Smear-positive tuberculosis cure rate of only 72.6%. During the treatment of the move-out rate reached 25.0%. Conclusion The monitoring of elderly people with tuberculosis should be strengthened. Different types of publicity campaigns should be conducted for different groups of people to raise awareness of tuberculosis prevention and control among the general public and to strengthen cooperation with comprehensive medical institutions so as to improve the detection rate of tuberculosis patients . At the same time, we should also strengthen the management of tuberculosis patients in the floating population so as to increase the cure rate of tuberculosis.