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马克思在《哲学的贫困》中对蒲鲁东的批判表明,他在构筑政治经济学的科学体系时始终处于经济学与哲学之间,既非单纯的经验描述,更非单纯的哲学思辨。这意味着,面对当下《资本论》研究中出现的哲学化阐释倾向,需要警惕对政治经济学的形而上学化理解。我们应秉承马克思的立场,在经济学与哲学之间对《资本论》作“居中性”理解。
Marx’s criticism of Proudhon in Philosophical Poverty shows that he always lies between economics and philosophy in constructing the scientific system of political economy. It is neither a purely empirical description nor a more philosophical speculation. This means that in the face of the philosophical tendency of interpretation in the current study of “capitalism,” we must guard against metaphysical understanding of political economy. We should uphold Marx’s position and understand “capitalism” as “neutral” between economics and philosophy.