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目的:用经典的双生子设计探讨遗传因素对青少年身高、体重、体质指数(BMI)等体型指征的影响程度。方法:从青岛市双生子库中选择自愿参加本研究的362对11-19岁双生子,测量身高、体重。同性别的双生子通过16个多态标记进行卵型鉴定,在此基础上,应用Mx软件构建结构方程模型分析计算遗传度。结果:对362对有效双生子数据进行分析,其中同卵双生子194对,异卵双生子168对,身高的最佳拟合模型ACE模型,体重和BMI的最佳拟合模型为AE模型。调整年龄性别后,身高的遗传度为66%,体重的遗传度为84%,体质指数的遗传度为75%。结论:在青少年体型指征的相关指标中,身高、体重、BMI受遗传因素影响都较大。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of genetic factors on somatotype indications such as height, weight and body mass index (BMI) in adolescents with classical twin design. METHODS: A total of 362 pairs of twins aged 11-19 years who volunteered to participate in this study were selected from the twins in Qingdao. Height and weight were measured. Identical twins through 16 polymorphic markers for egg identification, on this basis, the application of Mx software to construct structural equation model to calculate the heritability. Results: 362 pairs of validated twins were analyzed. Among them, 194 pairs of identical twins and 168 pairs of fraternal twins had the best fitting model for height, ACE model for body weight, and BMI for AE models. After adjusting for age and sex, the heritability of height was 66%, the heritability of weight was 84%, and the heritability of body mass index was 75%. Conclusion: The body height, weight and BMI are all influenced by genetic factors in the related indicators of body size indication of adolescents.