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高考英语单项填空题在高考试题中是一种知识考查题，由于这一部分知识覆盖面广，加之每年高考都有少数难题、迷惑题，使考生对有些题目望而生畏。其实单项选择题内容单一，只要在平时加强对词汇、句型、语法等内容的记忆，并掌握一些解题技巧，这一问题就可迎刃而解。下面作者就2008、2009、2010三年江苏高考英语单项选择题45题来分析探究其解题技巧。
一、句法分析法
句法分析法就是对句子进行结构分析，找出主语、谓语等句子成分，分清主句、从句部分，把握句子主干，掌握句子主旨大意。因为高考题设疑方式巧妙，一些重要的信息通常隐含在题干中，这就要求考生培养敏锐的观察能力和细致的分析问题的能力。通过对句子结构的分析，既可避免被相同或相似的中文意义所干扰，又可以迅速找到所缺句子成分，从而做出正确的选择。
(一)定语从句分析法
1.The newly built café, the walls of______are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, specially after hard work. (2010江苏卷32)
A. thatB. itC. whatD. which
2.Because of the financial crisis, days are gonelocal 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. (2009江苏卷23)
A. ifB. whenC. whichD. since
3.The Science Museum,______we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions. (2008江苏卷24)
A. whichB. whatC. thatD. where
【解析】找出主干句，理清先行词在定语从句中所起的句子成分。题1中café为先行词，做of的宾语，故选D；题2中days为先行词，定语从句为完整句，days在定语从句中做状语，故选择B；题3同题1，但先行词The Science Museum为visit的宾语，故选A。
（二）名词性从句分析法
4.— I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.
— That’s______I don’t agree. You should have a more active life. (2010江苏卷35)
A. whereB. howC. whenD. what
5.Many young people in the West are expected to leave______could be life’s most important decision—marriage—almost entirely up to luck. (2009江苏卷34)
A. asB. thatC. whichD. what
【解析】找出句中所缺成分，选择合适的引导词。句4中缺少表语，而agree vi.，结合语境，故选A；句5中leave vt.，缺少宾语，而could缺少主语，故选D。
(三)状语从句分析法
6.unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former. (2009江苏卷31)
A. BeforeB. WhereC. UnlessD. Until
【解析】根据两个句子的意义，来判断连词的正确运用。题6中，哪儿的失业率高,哪儿的犯罪就率高,那可以认为是前者导致后者的原因，故选择地点状语从句的连接词B。
(四)非谓语动词分析法
7.The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu,the students to return to their classrooms. (2010江苏卷28)
A. enablingB. having enabled
C. to enableD. to have enabled
8.Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year,______reduce unemployment pressures. (2009江苏卷 26)
A. helpB. to have helped
C. to helpD. having helped
【解析】搞清楚动词与主干句的关系，是目的或结果等。题7中，enable是整个主干句发出的动作，故选A，而不用完成式；题8中，to help 与to hire 位置相同，故选C。
二、寻找标志法
寻找标志法是仔细分析题干，找出题干中的标志词，这些标志词往往决定了英语中某些特定的使用形式如特定的时态、固定的搭配形式及特定的语序等。这就要求考生要有敏锐的观察能力和细致分析问题的能力。答题时必须注重对题干中隐含信息的捕捉，才能找准题眼，切中要害，最终做出准确的选择。
(一)时态标志
根据时间状语与时态的对应关系，如由this time yesterday可知用过去进行时；由so far, in the past three years, till now可知要用完成时；根据固定句型与动词时态间的对应关系，某些动词与时态的对应关系，根据上下语境来确定时态。
9.— Why, Jack, you look so tired!
— Well, I ______ the house and I must finish the work tomorrow. (2010江苏卷23)
A. was paintingB. will be painting
C. have paintedD. have been painting
10.— Peter, where did you guys go for the summer vacation?
— We______busy with our work for months, so we went to the beach to relax ourselves. (2010江苏卷30)
A. wereB. have been
C. had beenD. will be
11.The population of Jiangsu______to more than twice what it was in 1949. The figure is now approaching 74 million. (2009江苏卷21)
A. has grown
B. have grown
C. grewD. are growing
12.— Ann is in hospital.
— Oh, really? I______know. I______go and visit her. (2009江苏卷22)
A. didn’t; am going toB. don’t; would
C. don’t; willD. didn’t; will
13.— Hi, Terry, can I use your computer for a while this afternoon?
— Sorry. . (2009江苏卷25)
A. It’s repaired
B. It has been repaired
C. It’s being repairedD. It had been repaired
14.— I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.
— I think so. He______for it for months. （2008江苏卷33）
A. is preparing B. was preparing
C. had been preparingD. has been preparing
【解析】题9中，我给房子上油漆一直进行到现在，而且到明天才会完成，所以用现在完成进行时D；题10中，我们去海边发生在过去，而我们忙于工作在此之前，因此用过去完成时C；题11，说的是江苏现在的人口数量已经增长，用完成时表示现在的状态A；题12考查时态和交际用语说话者用I didn’t know，是表示现在之前他不知道，而他现在说要去看他当然是将要去看他，用will，故选D；题13中computer是正在被修，故选C；题14中，我相信Andrew会赢得最后的决赛。——我也这样想，他已经准备了好几个月了。从对话语境可知prepare这一动作从过去一直持续到说话的现在，故用have been doing结构，选D。
(二)倒装标志
英语倒装的标志为：否定副词位于句首，句子用部分倒装；方位副词位于句首，句子用全部倒装；only修饰状语，句子用部分倒装。
15.—Is everyone here?
—Not yet ...Look, there______the rest of our guests! (2010江苏卷33)
A. come
B. comes
C. is comingD. are coming
16.Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school.the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni (校友) from home and abroad. (2009江苏卷32)
A. Attend
B. To attend
C. AttendingD. Having attended
17.you eat the correct foods______be able to keep fit and stay healthy. （2008江苏卷32）
A. only if; will you
B. Only if; you will
C. Unless; will youD. Unless; you will
【解析】题15中，there为方位副词，故用全部倒装，而且考查主谓一致，选A；题16中，Attending作表语，表语提前构成倒装。正常语序是Our alumni from home and abroad are attending the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning。选C；题17中，only修饰状语，句子用部分倒装，选A。
三、语境分析法
单项填空题中一个最重要的考查方式是考查学生在特定语境中准确运用语法知识的能力。考题中的语境设置较为自然、巧妙，要求考生选择的不只是正确答案而且是最佳答案，语法上正确的答案不一定是最得体、最合适、最佳的答案，也不一定是在现实语境中所使用的答案。因此考生必须仔细揣摩句子的用意与情景，准确把握语境的内涵，有针对性地分析语法成分，最后结合语境选出最佳答案。
(一)情态动词
18.— I haven’t got the reference book yet, but I’ll have a test on the subject next month.
— Don’t worry. You have it by Friday. (2010江苏卷25)
A. couldB. shallC. mustD. may
19.He did not regret saying what he did but felt that heit differently. (2009江苏卷28)
A. could express
B. would express
C. could have expressed
D. must have expressed
20.—I’m sorry. Iat you the other day.
—Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself. (2008江苏卷35)
A. shouldn’t shoutB. shouldn’t have shouted
C. mustn’t shout D. mustn’t have shouted
【解析】情态动词表推测；情态动词+完成式；常见的情态动词如shall、must、needn’t、would等的用法以及作答语的考查。题18中，shall在第二人称中表示允诺，还可以表示强制，命令，威胁，警告。还有在法律条文中的要求或规定。选B；题19中，意为“他要是用另一种方式来说该多好啊”。情态动词+完成式，选C；题20中，“很抱歉，我前几天不该对你吼叫”。选B。
(二)谚语
21. — I have tried very hard to find a solution to the problem, but in vain.
— Why not consult with Frank? You see, . (2010江苏卷31)
A. great minds think alike
B. two heads are better than one
C. a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush
D. it’s better to think twice before doing something
22.— It shouldn’t take long to clear up after the party if we all volunteer to help.
— That’s right, . (2008江苏卷26)
A. Many hands make light work
B. Something is better than nothing
C. The more the merrier
D. The sooner begun, the sooner done
【解析】了解谚语，就是了解其文化的一部分，把语言与文化融为一体，使外语学习增添趣味，提高学习效率，在提高学生外语语言技能的同时，又了解了文化差异、拓宽视野，培养跨文化交际的能力。题21选B。B 表示三个臭皮匠凑成诸葛亮，A表示英雄所见略同，C表示一鸟在手胜于二鸟在林，D表示三思而后行。题22选A。A表示众人拾柴火焰高，B表示有总比没有好，C表示人越多越开心，D表示早开始，早完成。
(三)情景交际用语
23.— Do you think their table tennis team will win the first place at the coming Asian Games?
— . Ours is much stronger than theirs. (2010江苏卷27)
A. Of courseB. It depends
C. Don’t mention itD. By no means
24. — Bill, can I get you anything to drink?
— . (2009江苏卷29)
A. You are welcome
B. No problem
C. I wouldn’t mind a coffee
D. Doesn’t matter
25. — Do you mind if I record your lecture?
— . Go ahead. (2008江苏卷22)
A. Never mindB. No way
C. Not at allD. No. You’d better not
【解析】情景交际题目的特点是贴近现实生活，口语化特别强,语言灵活地道，因此，我们要熟悉常见的情景交际用语，分析具体的语境，学会常见的应答语。题23选D。By no means. 表示绝不，It depends.表示看情况而定，Don’t mention it. 没关系，别客气，Of course. 当然。题24选C。You are welcome. 不用谢；No problem. 1.不麻烦，没什么，没事儿;
2.非常容易；I wouldn’t mind a coffee. 我不介意要一杯咖啡；Doesn’t matter. 一点关系也没有。题25选C。Not at all. 一点也不，根本不；You’d better not. 最好别怎么样；Never mind. 1.（用于安慰）没关系，不用担心;2.更不用说；No way决不。
(四)冠词
26.The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that people from all walks of life are working hard for______ new Jiangsu. (2010江苏卷21)
A.不填；a
B. 不填；the
C. the；a
D. the； the
27. We went right round to the west coast bysea instead of driving across
continent. (2008江苏卷21)
A. the; theB.不填；the
C. the; 不填 D. 不填；不填
【解析】熟练掌握有关冠词的习惯用法及固定短语，充分把握上下文的语境，弄清句中名词是单数、复数还是不可数名词，弄清泛指、特指、类指与专指概念。题26选A。第一空，来自社会各阶层的人，是不特指，不用冠词；第二空，在Jiangsu 前有形容词new，因此，应加冠词a，表示一个全新的江苏。题27选B。第一空，by sea=by ship乘船，不加定冠词，后面特指横渡的那个州。
四、词语辨析法
词语辨析题在高考试题中占有一定的比重，值得考生高度重视。这类试题主要是就意思相近或用法不同的词或词组，即我们经常说的形同意近的词或词组来进行考查。考查方式也是多种多样的，需要考生通过语境、语法结构、词语搭配和词语的含义等来选择正确答案。
(一)名词的辨析
28.The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has a very good______. (2010江苏卷22)
A. expectationB. reputation
C. contributionD. civilization
【解析】题中名词都是以-tion结束，容易引起视觉冲突，选B，reputation 表示名声；expectation期望；contribution贡献；civilization文明。
(二)动词及动词短语的辨析
29.Thousands of foreigners wereto the Shanghai World Expo the day it opened. (2010江苏卷24)
A. attended
B. attained
C. attracted
D. attached
30.The experiment hasthe possibility of the existence of any life on that planet, but it does not mean there is no life on other planets. (2010江苏卷26)
A. found out
B. pointed out
C. ruled out
D. carried out
31. — I’ m surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have .
— So am I. They seemed very happy together when I last saw them. (2009江苏卷24)
A. broken up
B. finished up
C. divided up
D closed up
32. — Is Peter there?
— , please. I’ll see if I can find him for you. (2008江苏卷23)
A. Hold up
B. Hold on
C. Hold out
D. Hold off
33.— I’m still working on my project.
— Oh, you’ll miss the deadline. Time is . (2008江苏卷31)
A. running out
B. going out
C. giving outD. losing out
【解析】题29中的动词形态上相近，容易引起混淆。选C，表示成千上万的外宾被吸引来参加上海的世博会。
题30考查out构成的动词短语的比较，选C，意为“排除……可能性”。
find out查找出；point out指出；carry out执行，实施。题31考查up构成的动词短语的比较，选A。break up 断绝关系；finish up 结果成为，最终到来；
divide up 分担，分配，分享；close up （伤口）愈合以及关门停业的意思。题32考查hold构成的动词短语的比较，选B。hold on 停住，坚持住，（打电话用语）等一会儿；hold out 坚持，维持； hold up 支撑住； hold off 1. 拖延, 被拖延；
2. 抵抗; 抗拒；
3. 使……疏远, 使不接近。题33考查out构成的动词短语的比较，选A。run out被用完，被耗尽，到期,期满；
go out1.外出；2.熄灭；3.过时；4.过完； give out分发，公布；lose out 失败，输掉。
(三)形容词的辨析
34.Compared with his sister, Jerry is even moreto, and more easily troubled byemotional and relationship problems. (2009江苏卷27)
A. sceptical
B. addicted
C. available
D. sensitive
【解析】与他的妹妹/姐姐相比，杰利对情感关系问题更敏感，也更容易为其所困扰，选D。 sensitive，敏感的。sceptical怀疑的；addicted沉迷的；available可以用的，均不符合题意。
(四)介词及介词短语的辨析
35.So far we have done a lot to build a low-carbon economy, but it is ideal. We have to work still harder. (2010江苏卷29)
A. next to
B. far from
C. out of
D. due to
36.This special school accepts all disabled students, educational level and background. (2009江苏卷30)
A. according toB. regardless of
C. in addition toD. in terms of
37. — Why do you suggest we buy a new machine?
— Because the old one has been damaged . (2008江苏卷28)
A. beyond reachB. beyond repair
C. beyond controlD. beyond description
【解析】题35选B。far from 表示not at all；
next to仅次于；
due to因为；
out of失去。题36选B。according to根据；regardless of 不管，不顾；in addition to 另外；in terms of 就……而言。句意为：这所特殊学校接收所有的残疾学生,不管他们的教育水平和背景如何。题37选B。beyond reach 够不到；
beyond repair难以修理；
beyond control难以控制；
beyond description难以描述。
五、固定搭配法
高考英语单项填空在考查学生在综合语言环境中运用语法知识和基本词汇的同时，也对一些固定句型进行考查，这就要求学生弄清固定搭配的结构并能灵活运用。
(一)固定句型
38.George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather hemore onits culture. (2010江苏卷34)
A. focus
B. focused
C. would focus
D. had focused
39.It is often said that the joy of traveling isin arriving at your destinationin thejourney itself. (2008江苏卷27)
A. 不填；but
B. 不填；or
C. not; orD. not; but
40.It isto spend money on preventing illnesses by promoting healthy living rather thanspending it trying to make peopleafter they are ill. (2008江苏卷30)
A. good; goodB. well; better
C. better; better
D. better; good
41.— I can’t repair these until tomorrow, I’m afraid.
— That’s OK, there’s . (2008江苏卷25)
A. no problemB. no wonder
C. no doubtD. no hurry
【解析】题38选B。would rather后应用虚拟语气，表示与现在时间相反，用动词的过去式。题39选D。not ... but ...为固定句型。题40选C。把钱花在改善生活环境以预防疾病这件事情上，要比在人们生病之后，花钱让他们痊愈好。第一个better，因为后面有rather than，所以是比较级。make people better，让人更好（其实就是痊愈，原形是well）。题41选D。 解析：no hurry意为“不急”。从问句可知，对方有点儿“着急”，所以答方说，“没关系，不急”。“no+名词”这一结构是英语中常见搭配，no problem (没问题)，no wonder (怪不得)，no doubt (无疑)。
(二)固定短语
42.— They are quiet, aren’t they?
— Yes. They are accustomedat meals. (2008江苏卷29)
A. to talkB. to not talk
C. to talkingD. to not talking
43.To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear Englishas much as we can. (2008江苏卷34)
A. speakB. speaking
C. spokenD. to speak
【解析】题42选D。be accustomed to doing习惯于，to为介词，故其否定为be accustomed to not doing。题43选C。hear sb. do/doing，hear sth. done. 为了学好英语，我们必须寻找机会，尽量多听英语（被说）。
六、补全信息法
在英语的运用中常常出现省略或替代形式，尤其是在口语中，这样可以简捷地表达语义，但是如果判断失误，会造成误解。因此在做此类单选题时，要先把省略的部分信息或替代信息进行补充，还原为一个完整的句子，才能够全面、正确地理解句子，选择正确的答案。
44.— What’s the matter with Della?
— Well, her parents wouldn’t allow her to go to the party, but she still(2009江苏卷33)
A. hopes toB. hopes so
C. hopes notD. hopes for
45.Nine in ten parents said there were significant differences in their approach to educating their children compared with______ of their parents. （2009江苏卷35）
A. thoseB. oneC. bothD. that
【解析】题44选A。考查固定搭配hope to do sth.，前文已经提到do的动作，故后面再出现，可以略去do，留下to。题45选D。that替代词。
以上六种方法，同学们可以灵活运用到试题解题当中去，也可以自己琢磨，领悟一些新的不同的解题技巧。总之，All the roads lead to Rome。
（作者：赵长江,江苏灌南华侨双语学校；乔良军，江苏省淮安中学）
一、句法分析法
句法分析法就是对句子进行结构分析，找出主语、谓语等句子成分，分清主句、从句部分，把握句子主干，掌握句子主旨大意。因为高考题设疑方式巧妙，一些重要的信息通常隐含在题干中，这就要求考生培养敏锐的观察能力和细致的分析问题的能力。通过对句子结构的分析，既可避免被相同或相似的中文意义所干扰，又可以迅速找到所缺句子成分，从而做出正确的选择。
(一)定语从句分析法
1.The newly built café, the walls of______are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, specially after hard work. (2010江苏卷32)
A. thatB. itC. whatD. which
2.Because of the financial crisis, days are gonelocal 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. (2009江苏卷23)
A. ifB. whenC. whichD. since
3.The Science Museum,______we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions. (2008江苏卷24)
A. whichB. whatC. thatD. where
【解析】找出主干句，理清先行词在定语从句中所起的句子成分。题1中café为先行词，做of的宾语，故选D；题2中days为先行词，定语从句为完整句，days在定语从句中做状语，故选择B；题3同题1，但先行词The Science Museum为visit的宾语，故选A。
（二）名词性从句分析法
4.— I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.
— That’s______I don’t agree. You should have a more active life. (2010江苏卷35)
A. whereB. howC. whenD. what
5.Many young people in the West are expected to leave______could be life’s most important decision—marriage—almost entirely up to luck. (2009江苏卷34)
A. asB. thatC. whichD. what
【解析】找出句中所缺成分，选择合适的引导词。句4中缺少表语，而agree vi.，结合语境，故选A；句5中leave vt.，缺少宾语，而could缺少主语，故选D。
(三)状语从句分析法
6.unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former. (2009江苏卷31)
A. BeforeB. WhereC. UnlessD. Until
【解析】根据两个句子的意义，来判断连词的正确运用。题6中，哪儿的失业率高,哪儿的犯罪就率高,那可以认为是前者导致后者的原因，故选择地点状语从句的连接词B。
(四)非谓语动词分析法
7.The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu,the students to return to their classrooms. (2010江苏卷28)
A. enablingB. having enabled
C. to enableD. to have enabled
8.Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year,______reduce unemployment pressures. (2009江苏卷 26)
A. helpB. to have helped
C. to helpD. having helped
【解析】搞清楚动词与主干句的关系，是目的或结果等。题7中，enable是整个主干句发出的动作，故选A，而不用完成式；题8中，to help 与to hire 位置相同，故选C。
二、寻找标志法
寻找标志法是仔细分析题干，找出题干中的标志词，这些标志词往往决定了英语中某些特定的使用形式如特定的时态、固定的搭配形式及特定的语序等。这就要求考生要有敏锐的观察能力和细致分析问题的能力。答题时必须注重对题干中隐含信息的捕捉，才能找准题眼，切中要害，最终做出准确的选择。
(一)时态标志
根据时间状语与时态的对应关系，如由this time yesterday可知用过去进行时；由so far, in the past three years, till now可知要用完成时；根据固定句型与动词时态间的对应关系，某些动词与时态的对应关系，根据上下语境来确定时态。
9.— Why, Jack, you look so tired!
— Well, I ______ the house and I must finish the work tomorrow. (2010江苏卷23)
A. was paintingB. will be painting
C. have paintedD. have been painting
10.— Peter, where did you guys go for the summer vacation?
— We______busy with our work for months, so we went to the beach to relax ourselves. (2010江苏卷30)
A. wereB. have been
C. had beenD. will be
11.The population of Jiangsu______to more than twice what it was in 1949. The figure is now approaching 74 million. (2009江苏卷21)
A. has grown
B. have grown
C. grewD. are growing
12.— Ann is in hospital.
— Oh, really? I______know. I______go and visit her. (2009江苏卷22)
A. didn’t; am going toB. don’t; would
C. don’t; willD. didn’t; will
13.— Hi, Terry, can I use your computer for a while this afternoon?
— Sorry. . (2009江苏卷25)
A. It’s repaired
B. It has been repaired
C. It’s being repairedD. It had been repaired
14.— I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.
— I think so. He______for it for months. （2008江苏卷33）
A. is preparing B. was preparing
C. had been preparingD. has been preparing
【解析】题9中，我给房子上油漆一直进行到现在，而且到明天才会完成，所以用现在完成进行时D；题10中，我们去海边发生在过去，而我们忙于工作在此之前，因此用过去完成时C；题11，说的是江苏现在的人口数量已经增长，用完成时表示现在的状态A；题12考查时态和交际用语说话者用I didn’t know，是表示现在之前他不知道，而他现在说要去看他当然是将要去看他，用will，故选D；题13中computer是正在被修，故选C；题14中，我相信Andrew会赢得最后的决赛。——我也这样想，他已经准备了好几个月了。从对话语境可知prepare这一动作从过去一直持续到说话的现在，故用have been doing结构，选D。
(二)倒装标志
英语倒装的标志为：否定副词位于句首，句子用部分倒装；方位副词位于句首，句子用全部倒装；only修饰状语，句子用部分倒装。
15.—Is everyone here?
—Not yet ...Look, there______the rest of our guests! (2010江苏卷33)
A. come
B. comes
C. is comingD. are coming
16.Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school.the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni (校友) from home and abroad. (2009江苏卷32)
A. Attend
B. To attend
C. AttendingD. Having attended
17.you eat the correct foods______be able to keep fit and stay healthy. （2008江苏卷32）
A. only if; will you
B. Only if; you will
C. Unless; will youD. Unless; you will
【解析】题15中，there为方位副词，故用全部倒装，而且考查主谓一致，选A；题16中，Attending作表语，表语提前构成倒装。正常语序是Our alumni from home and abroad are attending the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning。选C；题17中，only修饰状语，句子用部分倒装，选A。
三、语境分析法
单项填空题中一个最重要的考查方式是考查学生在特定语境中准确运用语法知识的能力。考题中的语境设置较为自然、巧妙，要求考生选择的不只是正确答案而且是最佳答案，语法上正确的答案不一定是最得体、最合适、最佳的答案，也不一定是在现实语境中所使用的答案。因此考生必须仔细揣摩句子的用意与情景，准确把握语境的内涵，有针对性地分析语法成分，最后结合语境选出最佳答案。
(一)情态动词
18.— I haven’t got the reference book yet, but I’ll have a test on the subject next month.
— Don’t worry. You have it by Friday. (2010江苏卷25)
A. couldB. shallC. mustD. may
19.He did not regret saying what he did but felt that heit differently. (2009江苏卷28)
A. could express
B. would express
C. could have expressed
D. must have expressed
20.—I’m sorry. Iat you the other day.
—Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself. (2008江苏卷35)
A. shouldn’t shoutB. shouldn’t have shouted
C. mustn’t shout D. mustn’t have shouted
【解析】情态动词表推测；情态动词+完成式；常见的情态动词如shall、must、needn’t、would等的用法以及作答语的考查。题18中，shall在第二人称中表示允诺，还可以表示强制，命令，威胁，警告。还有在法律条文中的要求或规定。选B；题19中，意为“他要是用另一种方式来说该多好啊”。情态动词+完成式，选C；题20中，“很抱歉，我前几天不该对你吼叫”。选B。
(二)谚语
21. — I have tried very hard to find a solution to the problem, but in vain.
— Why not consult with Frank? You see, . (2010江苏卷31)
A. great minds think alike
B. two heads are better than one
C. a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush
D. it’s better to think twice before doing something
22.— It shouldn’t take long to clear up after the party if we all volunteer to help.
— That’s right, . (2008江苏卷26)
A. Many hands make light work
B. Something is better than nothing
C. The more the merrier
D. The sooner begun, the sooner done
【解析】了解谚语，就是了解其文化的一部分，把语言与文化融为一体，使外语学习增添趣味，提高学习效率，在提高学生外语语言技能的同时，又了解了文化差异、拓宽视野，培养跨文化交际的能力。题21选B。B 表示三个臭皮匠凑成诸葛亮，A表示英雄所见略同，C表示一鸟在手胜于二鸟在林，D表示三思而后行。题22选A。A表示众人拾柴火焰高，B表示有总比没有好，C表示人越多越开心，D表示早开始，早完成。
(三)情景交际用语
23.— Do you think their table tennis team will win the first place at the coming Asian Games?
— . Ours is much stronger than theirs. (2010江苏卷27)
A. Of courseB. It depends
C. Don’t mention itD. By no means
24. — Bill, can I get you anything to drink?
— . (2009江苏卷29)
A. You are welcome
B. No problem
C. I wouldn’t mind a coffee
D. Doesn’t matter
25. — Do you mind if I record your lecture?
— . Go ahead. (2008江苏卷22)
A. Never mindB. No way
C. Not at allD. No. You’d better not
【解析】情景交际题目的特点是贴近现实生活，口语化特别强,语言灵活地道，因此，我们要熟悉常见的情景交际用语，分析具体的语境，学会常见的应答语。题23选D。By no means. 表示绝不，It depends.表示看情况而定，Don’t mention it. 没关系，别客气，Of course. 当然。题24选C。You are welcome. 不用谢；No problem. 1.不麻烦，没什么，没事儿;
2.非常容易；I wouldn’t mind a coffee. 我不介意要一杯咖啡；Doesn’t matter. 一点关系也没有。题25选C。Not at all. 一点也不，根本不；You’d better not. 最好别怎么样；Never mind. 1.（用于安慰）没关系，不用担心;2.更不用说；No way决不。
(四)冠词
26.The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that people from all walks of life are working hard for______ new Jiangsu. (2010江苏卷21)
A.不填；a
B. 不填；the
C. the；a
D. the； the
27. We went right round to the west coast bysea instead of driving across
continent. (2008江苏卷21)
A. the; theB.不填；the
C. the; 不填 D. 不填；不填
【解析】熟练掌握有关冠词的习惯用法及固定短语，充分把握上下文的语境，弄清句中名词是单数、复数还是不可数名词，弄清泛指、特指、类指与专指概念。题26选A。第一空，来自社会各阶层的人，是不特指，不用冠词；第二空，在Jiangsu 前有形容词new，因此，应加冠词a，表示一个全新的江苏。题27选B。第一空，by sea=by ship乘船，不加定冠词，后面特指横渡的那个州。
四、词语辨析法
词语辨析题在高考试题中占有一定的比重，值得考生高度重视。这类试题主要是就意思相近或用法不同的词或词组，即我们经常说的形同意近的词或词组来进行考查。考查方式也是多种多样的，需要考生通过语境、语法结构、词语搭配和词语的含义等来选择正确答案。
(一)名词的辨析
28.The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has a very good______. (2010江苏卷22)
A. expectationB. reputation
C. contributionD. civilization
【解析】题中名词都是以-tion结束，容易引起视觉冲突，选B，reputation 表示名声；expectation期望；contribution贡献；civilization文明。
(二)动词及动词短语的辨析
29.Thousands of foreigners wereto the Shanghai World Expo the day it opened. (2010江苏卷24)
A. attended
B. attained
C. attracted
D. attached
30.The experiment hasthe possibility of the existence of any life on that planet, but it does not mean there is no life on other planets. (2010江苏卷26)
A. found out
B. pointed out
C. ruled out
D. carried out
31. — I’ m surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have .
— So am I. They seemed very happy together when I last saw them. (2009江苏卷24)
A. broken up
B. finished up
C. divided up
D closed up
32. — Is Peter there?
— , please. I’ll see if I can find him for you. (2008江苏卷23)
A. Hold up
B. Hold on
C. Hold out
D. Hold off
33.— I’m still working on my project.
— Oh, you’ll miss the deadline. Time is . (2008江苏卷31)
A. running out
B. going out
C. giving outD. losing out
【解析】题29中的动词形态上相近，容易引起混淆。选C，表示成千上万的外宾被吸引来参加上海的世博会。
题30考查out构成的动词短语的比较，选C，意为“排除……可能性”。
find out查找出；point out指出；carry out执行，实施。题31考查up构成的动词短语的比较，选A。break up 断绝关系；finish up 结果成为，最终到来；
divide up 分担，分配，分享；close up （伤口）愈合以及关门停业的意思。题32考查hold构成的动词短语的比较，选B。hold on 停住，坚持住，（打电话用语）等一会儿；hold out 坚持，维持； hold up 支撑住； hold off 1. 拖延, 被拖延；
2. 抵抗; 抗拒；
3. 使……疏远, 使不接近。题33考查out构成的动词短语的比较，选A。run out被用完，被耗尽，到期,期满；
go out1.外出；2.熄灭；3.过时；4.过完； give out分发，公布；lose out 失败，输掉。
(三)形容词的辨析
34.Compared with his sister, Jerry is even moreto, and more easily troubled byemotional and relationship problems. (2009江苏卷27)
A. sceptical
B. addicted
C. available
D. sensitive
【解析】与他的妹妹/姐姐相比，杰利对情感关系问题更敏感，也更容易为其所困扰，选D。 sensitive，敏感的。sceptical怀疑的；addicted沉迷的；available可以用的，均不符合题意。
(四)介词及介词短语的辨析
35.So far we have done a lot to build a low-carbon economy, but it is ideal. We have to work still harder. (2010江苏卷29)
A. next to
B. far from
C. out of
D. due to
36.This special school accepts all disabled students, educational level and background. (2009江苏卷30)
A. according toB. regardless of
C. in addition toD. in terms of
37. — Why do you suggest we buy a new machine?
— Because the old one has been damaged . (2008江苏卷28)
A. beyond reachB. beyond repair
C. beyond controlD. beyond description
【解析】题35选B。far from 表示not at all；
next to仅次于；
due to因为；
out of失去。题36选B。according to根据；regardless of 不管，不顾；in addition to 另外；in terms of 就……而言。句意为：这所特殊学校接收所有的残疾学生,不管他们的教育水平和背景如何。题37选B。beyond reach 够不到；
beyond repair难以修理；
beyond control难以控制；
beyond description难以描述。
五、固定搭配法
高考英语单项填空在考查学生在综合语言环境中运用语法知识和基本词汇的同时，也对一些固定句型进行考查，这就要求学生弄清固定搭配的结构并能灵活运用。
(一)固定句型
38.George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather hemore onits culture. (2010江苏卷34)
A. focus
B. focused
C. would focus
D. had focused
39.It is often said that the joy of traveling isin arriving at your destinationin thejourney itself. (2008江苏卷27)
A. 不填；but
B. 不填；or
C. not; orD. not; but
40.It isto spend money on preventing illnesses by promoting healthy living rather thanspending it trying to make peopleafter they are ill. (2008江苏卷30)
A. good; goodB. well; better
C. better; better
D. better; good
41.— I can’t repair these until tomorrow, I’m afraid.
— That’s OK, there’s . (2008江苏卷25)
A. no problemB. no wonder
C. no doubtD. no hurry
【解析】题38选B。would rather后应用虚拟语气，表示与现在时间相反，用动词的过去式。题39选D。not ... but ...为固定句型。题40选C。把钱花在改善生活环境以预防疾病这件事情上，要比在人们生病之后，花钱让他们痊愈好。第一个better，因为后面有rather than，所以是比较级。make people better，让人更好（其实就是痊愈，原形是well）。题41选D。 解析：no hurry意为“不急”。从问句可知，对方有点儿“着急”，所以答方说，“没关系，不急”。“no+名词”这一结构是英语中常见搭配，no problem (没问题)，no wonder (怪不得)，no doubt (无疑)。
(二)固定短语
42.— They are quiet, aren’t they?
— Yes. They are accustomedat meals. (2008江苏卷29)
A. to talkB. to not talk
C. to talkingD. to not talking
43.To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear Englishas much as we can. (2008江苏卷34)
A. speakB. speaking
C. spokenD. to speak
【解析】题42选D。be accustomed to doing习惯于，to为介词，故其否定为be accustomed to not doing。题43选C。hear sb. do/doing，hear sth. done. 为了学好英语，我们必须寻找机会，尽量多听英语（被说）。
六、补全信息法
在英语的运用中常常出现省略或替代形式，尤其是在口语中，这样可以简捷地表达语义，但是如果判断失误，会造成误解。因此在做此类单选题时，要先把省略的部分信息或替代信息进行补充，还原为一个完整的句子，才能够全面、正确地理解句子，选择正确的答案。
44.— What’s the matter with Della?
— Well, her parents wouldn’t allow her to go to the party, but she still(2009江苏卷33)
A. hopes toB. hopes so
C. hopes notD. hopes for
45.Nine in ten parents said there were significant differences in their approach to educating their children compared with______ of their parents. （2009江苏卷35）
A. thoseB. oneC. bothD. that
【解析】题44选A。考查固定搭配hope to do sth.，前文已经提到do的动作，故后面再出现，可以略去do，留下to。题45选D。that替代词。
以上六种方法，同学们可以灵活运用到试题解题当中去，也可以自己琢磨，领悟一些新的不同的解题技巧。总之，All the roads lead to Rome。
（作者：赵长江,江苏灌南华侨双语学校；乔良军，江苏省淮安中学）