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目的了解三明市2012-2015年手足口病的流行病学及病原特征,为制定防控措施提供依据。方法收集国家疾病监测信息报告管理系统和三明市CDC病原监测资料,用描述性流行病学方法分析。结果三明市2012-2015年报告手足口病21 393例,年发病率212.8/10万,重症104例,死亡6例。各县区均有病例报告;发病呈4~6月及9~10月双峰分布。性别比为1.7∶1,以散居、幼托儿童和学生居多(99.5%),5岁以下占96.5%;发病率1岁组(5 594.4/10万),2岁组(3 547.5/10万),3岁组(2 728.0/10万);聚集性疫情均在托幼机构。病原优势毒株每年都在变化,重症病例以EV71型为主(74.0%),6例死亡病例中5例为EV71型。结论三明市手足口病发病率较高,应加强疫情和病原学监测,加大宣传力度,严格托幼机构晨检,以避免聚集性疫情。
Objective To understand the epidemiology and pathogenic features of hand-foot-mouth disease in Sanming from 2012 to 2015, and to provide evidence for the development of prevention and control measures. Methods The national disease surveillance information report management system and Sanming CDC pathogen monitoring data were collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results Sanming City reported 21 393 HFMD cases in 2012-2015, with an annual incidence of 212.8 / 100 000, severe cases of 104 and death of 6. Each county has a case report; incidence was 4-6 months and 9-10 months bimodal distribution. The sex ratio was 1.7: 1, with diaspora, the majority of children and students in kindergartens (99.5%) and 96.5% under 5 years of age. The incidence rate of 1 year old group (5 594.4 / 100000) and 2 years old group (3 547.5 / ) And 3-year-old group (2 728.0 / 100 000). Aggregate outbreaks were all in nurseries. The predominant virulent strains are changing every year, with severe cases of EV71 (74.0%) and of 6 deaths of EV71. Conclusion The incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease in Sanming City is relatively high. Epidemic and etiological monitoring should be strengthened. Publicity should be intensified and strict morning nurseries should be inspected to avoid the gathering epidemic.