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二、初步分析 1.空气温度与槽壁外表面温度及水温的关系决定一个地区空气温度的条件,主要有大气环流、太阳辐射和地理环境三要素,其中以大气环流变化最活跃,影响最快,而且又可以综合地反映这三要素。就局部观测记录而言,空气温度的波动范围很大,无周期性。可是若宏观有关资料(如全国气象资料),对于任一地区其温度变化虽不是历年相同,但大体上还是有个变化范围的。峡东观测情况正是这样(见表1及图3)。资料表明,水槽内有水温度高,外界空气温度低且不断变化,加上风的影响,使水槽失热,槽内水温下降乃至结冰。由此可知,水槽失热现象乃外表面与外部空气间的温度差引起的对流传热,以及外表面与周围物体之间的温度差引起的相互辐射传热的综合结果。直接与空气接触的槽壁外表面,其温度随空气温度而转移。槽壁与槽外空气温度差为0～7℃,具体数值又与槽内水温有关。槽
II. Preliminary Analysis 1. The relationship between air temperature and the temperature and water temperature on the outer surface of the tank wall determines the air temperature in an area. There are three major elements: atmospheric circulation, solar radiation and geographical environment. Among them, the atmospheric circulation changes most actively and has the greatest impact , But also can comprehensively reflect these three elements. In the case of local observations, the temperature of the air fluctuates widely and without periodicity. However, if macroscopically relevant data (such as national meteorological data) are not the same for any region in terms of temperature change, they generally have a range of changes. This is the case with the Xiaodong observation (see Table 1 and Figure 3). Data show that there is a high water temperature in the tank, the outside air temperature is low and constantly changing, coupled with the impact of the wind, the tank heat loss, the water temperature dropped or even frozen. It can be seen that the phenomenon of sink heat loss is the result of convective heat transfer caused by the temperature difference between the outer surface and the outer air and the mutual radiation heat transfer caused by the temperature difference between the outer surface and the surrounding objects. The outer surface of the tank wall which is in direct contact with the air, the temperature of which shifts with the temperature of the air. Tank wall and tank air temperature difference between 0 ~ 7 ℃, the specific value and the tank temperature. groove