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目的了解重庆市巴南区城乡居民糖尿病患病情况及其危险因素,为制定相关干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用分层多阶段随机抽样方法抽取巴南区城乡18岁及以上常住居民,开展问卷调查、体格测量和实验室检测。结果共调查18岁及以上居民600人,糖尿病患病率为9.00%,标化患病率为8.85%。其中,城乡居民糖尿病患病率分别为10.00%和8.50%,两者差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.37,P>0.05);女性高于男性(χ2=3.99,P<0.05);糖尿病患病率随着年龄增长而呈上升趋势(P<0.05))。单因素分析显示城乡居民糖尿病患病均受年龄、性别、文化程度、婚姻状况、腰围、高血压、血脂异常影响,而饮酒和体质指数与城市居民糖尿病患病有关。多因素回归分析显示年龄、腰围和血脂异常为糖尿病危险因素,文化程度为保护因素。结论巴南区城乡居民糖尿病患病率均较高,应加强健康教育,尤其对高年龄、肥胖、血脂异常等高危人群采取主动干预,以降低糖尿病的发生。
Objective To understand the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and its risk factors among urban and rural inhabitants in Banan District of Chongqing and to provide a scientific basis for making relevant interventions. Methods The stratified multi-stage random sampling method was used to extract permanent residents aged 18 years and over in urban and rural areas of Banan District, and questionnaires, physical measurements and laboratory tests were conducted. Results A total of 600 residents aged 18 and above were surveyed. The prevalence of diabetes was 9.00% and the standardized prevalence was 8.85%. Among them, the prevalence rates of diabetes in urban and rural residents were 10.00% and 8.50%, respectively, with no significant difference (χ2 = 0.37, P> 0.05); women were higher than men (χ2 = 3.99, P <0.05) Rate increased with age (P <0.05)). Univariate analysis showed that the prevalence of diabetes in urban and rural residents were all affected by age, sex, educational level, marital status, waist circumference, hypertension and dyslipidemia, while drinking and body mass index were related to the prevalence of diabetes in urban residents. Multivariate regression analysis showed that age, waist circumference and dyslipidemia were risk factors for diabetes and education was protective factor. Conclusions The prevalence of diabetes in urban and rural residents in Banan District is high. Health education should be strengthened. In particular, active intervention should be taken in high-risk groups such as high age, obesity and dyslipidemia to reduce the incidence of diabetes.