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目的:探讨超声评价颈动脉粥样硬化与短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)关系的临床价值。方法:选择临床确诊的TIA 60例(观察组)及健康体检者50例(对照组),分别行锁骨下动脉、椎动脉、颈总动脉、颈动脉窦、颈外动脉、颈内动脉超声检查,分析不同部位斑块发生率、斑块性质特点、动脉内膜-中膜厚度(IMT)及狭窄程度。结果:(1)观察组颈动脉IMT值为(0.92±0.17)mm,显著高于对照组的(0.77±0.07)mm(P<0.05)。(2)观察组斑块总发生率为73.3%,显著高于对照组的32.0%;软斑占47.7%,显著高于对照组的12.5%(P<0.05);硬斑占18.2%,显著低于对照组的56.2%(P<0.05)。两组斑块发生部位排序相同。(3)观察组颈动脉无狭窄率为26.7%,显著低于对照组的68.0%(P<0.05);观察组颈动脉重度狭窄率为11.4%,显著高于对照组的6.2%(P<0.05)。结论:超声检查可作为常规手段进行缺血性脑血管疾病的筛查。
Objective: To evaluate the clinical value of ultrasound in evaluating the relationship between carotid atherosclerosis and transient ischemic attack (TIA). Methods: 60 cases of TIA (observation group) and 50 cases of healthy subjects (control group) were selected and diagnosed. The subclavian artery, vertebral artery, common carotid artery, carotid artery, external carotid artery and internal carotid artery The incidence of plaque, the characteristics of plaque, the intima - media thickness (IMT) and the degree of stenosis were analyzed. Results: (1) The IMT of the carotid artery in the observation group was (0.92 ± 0.17) mm, which was significantly higher than that in the control group (0.77 ± 0.07) mm (P <0.05). (2) The total plaque incidence was 73.3% in the observation group, which was significantly higher than that in the control group (32.0%), the soft spot (47.7%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (12.5%, P <0.05) 56.2% less than the control group (P <0.05). The plaque sites of the two groups were ranked the same. (3) The stenosis rate of the carotid artery in the observation group was 26.7%, which was significantly lower than that in the control group (68.0%, P <0.05). The carotid stenosis rate in the observation group was 11.4%, significantly higher than that in the control group (6.2% 0.05). Conclusion: Ultrasonography can be used as a routine measure of ischemic cerebrovascular disease screening.