“工士”学位创新作为我国四级学位制度变迁的重要一环,弥补了我国学位体制的不足,同时也推动和完善了高职教育。在这一制度变迁过程中,以规模成本效应、“搭便车”效应、协同效应为主的正式制度路径依赖和利益集团冲突、社会舆论导向、有界理性效用为主的非正式制度路径依赖构成了变迁的主要制约因素。从效率优先、兼顾整体两个导向出发,可以打破路径依赖,构建合理的从“工士”到“博士”的四级学位机制。 As an important part of the change of the four degree system in our country, the degree innovation of the “chef” made up for the shortage of the degree system in our country and also promoted and perfected the higher vocational education. In the process of institutional change, the formal institutional path based on the scale cost effect, free riding effect and synergistic effect depends on the informal institutional path which is mainly based on the conflicts of interest groups, social public opinion and bounded rationality Dependence constitutes a major constraint on change. From the point of efficiency first and taking into account the overall two directions, we can break the path dependence and construct a reasonable four-level degree mechanism from “practitioner ” to “doctor ”.