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目的:建立一种符合高原地区阳虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病病因、病机特点的大鼠疾病模型。方法:60只健康的雄性大鼠,随机分为高原地区阳虚血瘀证糖尿病肾病组(模型组)、糖尿病肾病组、正常对照组。采用模拟低压缺氧、寒冷刺激、药物注射等方法建立疾病模型。成模后定时监测血糖,比较分析大鼠体重、进食量、饮水量、血糖(BG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc)、尿微量白蛋白(UWA)、血肌酐(SCr)、尿素氮(BUN)、肾脏肥大指数等指标的差异。结果:模型组和糖尿病肾病组在实验过程中体重基本保持在下降后的体重范围;空腹血糖一直处于稳定的、中度的高血糖状态;造模成功8周时糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc)、尿微量白蛋白、SCr、BUN、肾脏指数与同期对照组大鼠比较均显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),肾脏指数显著增大。尿微量白蛋白、SCr、BUN、肾脏肥大指数四项指标模型组比糖尿病肾病组升高的更多,两组之间有显著性差异(P<0.05或P<0.01)。肾脏病理学观察:模型组大鼠肾小球的病变范围明显比糖尿病肾病组多且较重。对照组实验过程中体重逐渐增加外,其它各项指标未发生变化。结论:高原阳虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病大鼠疾病模型,其表征和观测指标符合阳虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病的临床表现,具有与高原阳虚血瘀型糖尿病肾病患者较为接近的病因病机。
Objective: To establish a rat model of disease that conforms to the etiology and pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy of Yang deficiency and blood stasis in plateau area. Methods: Sixty healthy male rats were randomly divided into diabetic nephropathy group (model group), diabetic nephropathy group and normal control group with Yang deficiency and blood stasis syndrome in the plateau. Hypobaric hypoxia simulation, cold stimulation, drug injection and other methods to establish the disease model. The blood glucose was monitored regularly after the operation, and the body weight, food intake, water intake, blood glucose (BG), HbAlc, UWA, SCr, BUN, Kidney hypertrophy index and other indicators of the difference. Results: The body weight of model group and diabetic nephropathy group kept in the range of body weight after descending. Fasting blood glucose was in stable and moderate hyperglycemia state. HbAlc, Albumin, SCr, BUN, kidney index were significantly higher than those in the control group (P <0.05 or P <0.01), and the kidney index was significantly increased. Urine microalbumin, SCr, BUN, renal hypertrophy index four model group than diabetic nephropathy group increased more, there was a significant difference between the two groups (P <0.05 or P <0.01). Renal pathological observation: The glomeruli in model group were significantly more than diabetic nephropathy group and heavier. In the control group, the body weight gradually increased while other indexes did not change. Conclusion: The disease model of diabetic nephropathy rats with deficiency of yang deficiency and blood stasis in the plateau is characterized by its characterization and observation, which is in line with the clinical manifestations of diabetic nephropathy of yang deficiency and blood stasis type.