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首先合成了氯代1-(2-羟乙基)-3-甲基咪唑离子液体[He MIM]Cl、溴代1-乙胺基-3-甲基咪唑离子液体[Ae MIM]Br和氯代1-羧乙基-3-甲基咪唑离子液体[Ce MIM]Cl 3种功能化咪唑离子液体,然后将这3种离子液体分别与正硅酸乙酯通过溶胶凝胶法制备了3种负载硅型离子液体[He MIM]Cl-Si、[Ae MIM]Br-Si和[Ce MIM]Cl-Si,并利用红外与XRD对其化学结构与结晶结构进行测定。再利用制备的离子液体催化环氧乙烷与二氧化碳合成碳酸乙烯酯。结果表明,离子液体负载硅后其催化性能明显提高,在较温和的条件下即可高效完成催化过程,且无聚酯或聚醚等副产物生成。其中,[Ce MIM]Cl-Si催化性能最好,在110℃、1.6 MPa催化条件下得到的转化率为99.2%,选择性为96.4%,产率为97.6%。
The first synthesis of 1- (2-hydroxyethyl) -3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid [He MIM] Cl, brominated 1-ethylamino-3-methylimidazolium ionic liquid [ 1-carboxyethyl-3-methylimidazolium ionic liquid [Ce MIM] Cl 3 kinds of functionalized imidazolium ionic liquids, and then these three kinds of ionic liquids with tetraethyl orthosilicate prepared by sol-gel method 3 [He MIM] Cl-Si, [Ae MIM] Br-Si and [Ce MIM] Cl-Si were loaded on the surface and the chemical structure and the crystal structure were measured by infrared and XRD. The prepared ionic liquid is used to catalyze the synthesis of ethylene carbonate from ethylene oxide and carbon dioxide. The results show that the catalytic performance of the ionic liquid is obviously improved after the silicon is loaded with silicon. The catalytic process can be completed efficiently under milder conditions, and no by-products such as polyester or polyether are formed. Among them, [Ce MIM] Cl-Si had the best catalytic performance, the conversion was 99.2% under the conditions of 110 ℃ and 1.6 MPa, the selectivity was 96.4% and the yield was 97.6%.