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红外光电探测器的主要缺点是需要进行致冷,以便抑制会导致噪声的自由载流子的热产生。本文将讨论在不进行低温致冷条件下工作的红外光电探测器,提高其性能的新的方法,包括器件的最佳设计、采用把光电探测器光学浸没到高折射率的透镜中以及光学共振腔。然而,另一种十分有发展前景的方法是用电荷载流子使半导体耗尽而抑制自由载流子的热产生,这种热产生是受俄歇机制控制的。利用排斥效应、提取效应以及磁集中效应能够实现静态耗尽。把不同的方法组合起来最终将使我们能够在非致冷条件下实现红外探测器的近背景限光电探测(near-BLIP)性能。
The main disadvantage of the infrared photodetector is the need for refrigeration in order to suppress the heat generation of free carriers that can cause noise. This article will discuss new methods of improving the performance of infrared photodetectors that operate without cryogenic refrigeration, including the best design of the device, using optical immersion of the photodetector into high refractive index lenses, and optical resonance Cavity. However, another promising approach is to use depletion of charge carriers to suppress the generation of free carriers, which is controlled by the Auger mechanism. The use of exclusion effects, extraction effects, and magnetic concentration effects can achieve static depletion. Combining the different approaches will eventually enable us to achieve near-background photodetection (near-BLIP) performance of infrared detectors under uncooled conditions.