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山茶花自古为我国庭院重要观赏花木之一,其花朵之硕大,花形之奇异,色彩之艳丽,似“青女行霜下晓空”,深受人们怜爱,古人视同儿女,喻为“儿女之花”.宋代苏东坡诗云:“萧萧南山松,黄叶陨劲风;谁邻儿女花,焰火咏雪中……”.其花期之长,可连续4～5个月之久.叶色常绿,树姿幽美,且树龄可长达数百年不衰,至今还可见到许多古刹寺庙明清种植的山茶古树.我国具有山茶属植物起源和分布中心之称.通常所说的山茶花乃是山茶科山茶属中茶花的泛称.山茶属植物共有近200种,其中80多种产于我国.目前栽培的茶花,在植物学上包括三个种:一是云南山茶花(俗称滇山茶、南山茶);二是川桂闽浙赣皖等地的山茶花(云南称川茶,红山茶);
Camellia has long been one of the most important ornamental plants in the courtyard of our country. Its flowers are huge, its flowers are strange and colorful. It seems that “ Flowers. ”Song Dynasty Poetry Su Yun said:“ Xiao Nanshan pine, yellow leaves meteoric wind; who neighbor children flowers, fireworks in the snow ... ... ”The flowering of the long, continuous 4 to 5 months. Green, beautiful tree posture, and the age of up to hundreds of years can not decline, still can see a lot of ancient temples Ming and Qing Dynasties camellias planted ancient trees in China with the origins and distribution center of the genus Camellia commonly known as Camellia Camellia Camellia is a general term Camellia Camellia a total of nearly 200 species, of which more than 80 species produced in our country now cultivated camellias, including three species in the botany: First, Yunnan Camellia (commonly known as the Yunnan mountain tea, Nanshan Tea); second is the Camellia sinensis Sichuan and Fujian, Zhejiang and Jiangxi provinces (Yunnan, Sichuan tea, red mountain tea);