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【目的】确定铅(Pb2+)、锰(Mn2+)对黄伞菌丝形态、结构及其菌丝活力的影响,并比较黄伞对Pb2+、Mn2+的适应性和耐受性。【方法】采用平板培养和液体培养方法,结合菌落形态和菌丝的电镜观察,测定菌落直径、菌丝鲜重,并以原子吸收分光光度计测定Pb2+、Mn2+含量。同时测定液体培养条件下菌丝的鲜重和胞外多糖产量以验证菌丝活力。【结果】不同Pb2+、Mn2+浓度下黄伞菌丝体形态变化明显,Pb2+、Mn2+的浓度≥500 mg/L可显著抑制黄伞菌丝的生长;高浓度Pb2+、Mn2+下(Pb2+≥700 mg/L、Mn2+≥2 000 mg/L)黄伞菌丝体锁状联合大量减少,且大小不一、分布不均,菌丝褶皱变形。黄伞在菌丝平板生长过程中,当Pb2+、Mn2+分别为100 mg/L时,黄伞菌丝生长速度最快。黄伞在液体培养过程中,当Mn2+浓度为300 mg/L、Pb2+浓度为50 mg/L时,菌丝鲜重以及产生的胞外多糖含量最大。【结论】Pb2+、Mn2+对黄伞的菌丝生长、菌丝活力及结构形态有较大的影响;黄伞对锰离子的适应性和耐性明显高于对铅离子的适应性和耐性。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to determine the effects of lead (Pb2 +) and manganese (Mn2 +) on the morphology, structure and mycelium viability of the yellow mycelium and to compare the adaptability and tolerance of the yellow umbrella to Pb2 + and Mn2 +. 【Method】 The colony diameter and fresh weight of mycelia were determined by plate culture and liquid culture method combined with colony morphology and mycelium electron microscopy. The contents of Pb2 + and Mn2 + were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. At the same time, the fresh weight of mycelia and the yield of extracellular polysaccharides were measured under liquid culture conditions to verify mycelial viability. 【Result】 The results showed that the morphological changes of A. paramai under different concentrations of Pb2 + and Mn2 + were obvious. The concentrations of Pb2 + and Mn2 + ≥ 500 mg / L could significantly inhibit the growth of P. xylostella. Under Pb2 + and Mn2 + concentrations (Pb2 + ≥ 700 mg / L, Mn2 + ≥2 000 mg / L), the number of mycelia in the paraquamurales decreased greatly, and the size and distribution of mycelium were not uniform. During the process of mycelium growth, the growth rate of yellow umbrella mycelium was the fastest when the Pb2 + and Mn2 + were 100 mg / L, respectively. When the concentration of Mn2 + was 300 mg / L and the concentration of Pb2 + was 50 mg / L, the fresh weight of mycelia and the content of extracellular polysaccharides were the highest in the process of liquid culture. 【Conclusion】 Pb2 + and Mn2 + have significant effects on mycelium growth, mycelium viability and morphological morphology of the yellow umbrella. The adaptability and tolerance of the yellow umbrella to manganese ions are obviously higher than those of the lead ions.