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对地震信号在空间域求n阶导数，相当于用一个波数特性为（jk）~n的滤波器对信号进行滤波。该滤波器的振幅特性与波数k的n次幂成正比。尽管该方法不能提高地震信号的横向分辨率，但其高通滤波特性将有助于识别地下地质异常体的高波数信息。实际资料试验表明，地震资料经求导处理后，不仅可以明显地看出断层的平面展布，而且可以得到储集层的横向变化等有关信息。
Seismic signal in the spatial domain to find the first derivative, equivalent to a wave number characteristics (jk) ~ n filter for signal filtering. The amplitude characteristic of this filter is proportional to the power n of the wavenumber k. Although this method can not improve the horizontal resolution of seismic signals, its high-pass filtering properties will help to identify the high wavenumber information of underground geological anomalies. The experimental results show that the seismic data can not only clearly show the plane distribution of faults but also get the information about the lateral variation of reservoirs after the guide data processing.