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利用有限元方法研究铁路车辆/轨道动态耦合系统问题,得到车轮和轨道之间的竖向动态接触力与静载之间的关系。作为应用实例,对我国C61型运煤货车,考虑车辆/轨道系统各结构的真实几何形状和边界条件,建立包括车辆和轨道系统的有限元模型,应用大型非线性动力分析程序LS-DYNA模拟车辆通过轨道错牙接头时的轮/轨动态响应过程。通过分析发现,车轮和轨道之间的竖向动态接触力大约是静轮载的2倍,与已有的现场试验结果基本吻合。验证车辆/轨道系统有限元模型的正确性。进一步得到侧向架、钢轨和轨枕的加速度响应,以及轮轨接触区内的弹性应力场。
The finite element method is used to study the problem of dynamic coupling system of railway vehicle / track. The relationship between the vertical dynamic contact force between wheel and track and static load is obtained. As an application example, the finite element model including the vehicle and the rail system is established considering the real geometry and boundary conditions of each structure of the vehicle / rail system for the C61-type coal freight wagon in our country. The large-scale nonlinear dynamic analysis program LS-DYNA is used to simulate the vehicle The wheel / rail dynamic response process when passing the wrong rail joint. Through the analysis, it is found that the vertical dynamic contact force between the wheel and the track is about twice that of the static wheel load, which basically agrees with the existing field test results. Verify the correctness of the vehicle / rail system finite element model. The acceleration response of the side frame, rail and sleeper, and the elastic stress field in the wheel-rail contact area are further obtained.