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目的分析甘肃裕固族成人骨强度和体成分随年龄变化特征并探讨骨强度与体成分的相关性。方法2015年7月至2016年8月选取甘肃省肃南裕固族自治县成人725例(男性354例,女性371例),年龄20~86岁,采用超声骨密度仪和生物电阻抗分析仪,分别测量跟骨骨强度及体成分指标。结果甘肃裕固族成年男性骨强度在20~29岁低于女性(P<0.05),50岁后高于女性(P<0.01);男性各年龄段的肌肉量均高于女性(P<0.01);各年龄段的总脂肪量、皮下脂肪含量均低于女性(P<0.01);内脏脂肪含量仅在20~29岁及70岁后低于女性(P<0.01)。男女骨强度分别在30~39岁和20~29岁达峰值、50~59岁和40~49岁开始较前出现差异(P<0.05),男性在70岁后和女性在50岁后骨强度低于之前各年龄组(P<0.01)。男性躯干及四肢肌肉量均在40~49岁及60~69岁呈现双峰,女性躯干及四肢肌肉量均在40~49岁达峰值。甘肃裕固族成年身体各部位的脂肪含量变化同步,男女性分别在60~69岁和50~59岁达峰值。多元线性逐步回归分析显示,骨强度与四肢肌肉量和皮下脂肪量正相关(P<0.01),与内脏脂肪量负相关(P<0.01)。结论随年龄增长,甘肃裕固族成人身体各部位的同种体成分呈同步变化,女性骨强度较男性下降时间早且速度快。裕固族成人骨强度由肌肉和脂肪共同决定且与其分布部位有关。裕固族70岁以上男性及50岁以上女性是骨质疏松性防治的重点人群;男女性应分别从50岁后和40岁后应加强肢体锻炼、增加四肢肌肉量、控制内脏脂肪,预防骨质疏松。
Objective To analyze the characteristics of bone strength and body composition of Yugu people in Gansu province with age and discuss the correlation between bone strength and body composition. Methods From July 2015 to August 2016, 725 adults (354 males and 371 females) aged 20-86 years old from Sunan Yugur Autonomous County of Gansu Province were selected. Ultrasound bone densitometry and bioelectrical impedance analyzer Calcaneal bone strength and body composition index. Results The bone strength of adult male Yugu people in Gansu province was lower than that of female at 20-29 years old (P <0.05), and was higher than that of female at 50 years old (P <0.01). The muscle mass of each age group was higher than that of female (P <0.01) (P <0.01). The content of visceral fat was only lower than that of female at the ages of 20-29 and 70 years (P <0.01). Bone strength of men and women were 30 to 39 years old and 20 to 29 years old peaked, 50 to 59 years old and 40 to 49 years earlier than the difference (P <0.05), men after 70 years of age and female bone strength after 50 years of age Lower than before each age group (P <0.01). Both the trunk and limb muscles of men were double-peaked at 40-49 and 60-69 years old, and the peak of the muscle mass of the trunk and limbs of women at 40-49 years old. Changes in fat content of Yugu people in all parts of the body of Gansu Province synchronously, reaching the peak at 60 to 69 years old and 50 to 59 years old respectively. Multivariate linear stepwise regression analysis showed that bone strength was positively correlated with muscle mass and subcutaneous fat (P <0.01), and negatively correlated with visceral fat mass (P <0.01). Conclusion With age, allogeneic body parts of Yugu people in Gansu Province showed synchronous changes in their body composition, and the strength of female bones decreased faster and earlier than that of men. The strength of the Yugur adult bone is determined by both muscle and fat and is related to its distribution. Yugur people over the age of 70 men and women over the age of 50 is the focus of prevention and treatment of osteoporosis; men and women should be from the age of 50 and 40 years of age should be strengthened physical exercise, increase limb muscle mass, control visceral fat, prevent bone loose.