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列宁与卢森堡都赞同以革命的方式实现社会主义,但是二者在谁能够主导和推动社会主义革命的问题上存在明显的分歧。列宁主张,社会主义革命必须处在无产阶级政党的领导之下,只具有革命自发性的群众应被统一于这一领导之下;卢森堡主张,群众是社会主义革命的真正主体,是首创精神的发源地,而无产阶级政党的作用仅限于正确地估价、评判和引导革命的发生。列宁与卢森堡之间的分歧,表面上体现为关于无产阶级政党的个别领导人、无产阶级政党与无产阶级群众之间关系的不同理解,实质上涉及到一个更深层次的问题,即无产阶级政党的行动策略在社会主义革命中究竟扮演什么样的角色,是否能够上升为马克思主义的理论甚至是理论的原则。
Both Lenin and Luxembourg agree with the realization of socialism in a revolutionary way, but there is a clear disagreement between who can lead and promote the socialist revolution. Lenin advocated that the socialist revolution must be under the leadership of a proletarian party and that only the masses with revolutionary spontaneity should be united under this leadership. Luxembourg maintains that the masses are the true subjects of the socialist revolution and are pioneering Where the role of the proletarian party is limited to correctly valuing, judging and guiding the revolution. The disagreements between Lenin and Luxembourg are ostensibly manifested in different understandings about the relations between the individual leaders of the proletarian parties and the relations between the proletarian parties and the proletarian masses and in essence it involves a deeper issue that the proletarian parties Whether the strategy of action actually plays the role in the socialist revolution can rise to the Marxist theory or even the principle of theory.