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可观测性分析是无源定位与跟踪系统的前提和基础。由于卫星运动系统方程是状态变量的隐函数形式,以及观测方程的非线性,使得对卫星目标仅测角无源定位的可观测性研究难度较大。鉴于此,从伪线性化角度对非线性系统方程进行改造,推导了关于状态变量的显性系统状态方程,对仅测角条件下的单星对星无源定位系统进行了可观测性分析,为进一步研究仅测角单星对星的无源定轨跟踪提供了理论基础。最后给出了仿真实例,验证了理论分析的正确性。
Observability analysis is the prerequisite and foundation of passive location and tracking system. Due to the system of satellite motion is an implicit function of state variables and the nonlinearity of the observation equation, it is difficult to study the observability of satellite-only passive location. In view of this, the nonlinear system equations are modified from the perspective of pseudo- linearization, the explicit system state equation about the state variables is deduced, and the observability analysis of the single-satellite passive positioning system under the condition of only the measuring angle is carried out. This study provides a theoretical basis for further research on the passive orbit determination of only the single-pointed star. Finally, a simulation example is given to verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis.