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将土地、人口与资本等作为资源投入项,将地价增长与经济发展协调性、地价水平与居民收入合理性等社会经济效益作为产出项,利用DEA(数据包络分析)方法,综合分析2009—2013年五个国家级城市群县域尺度下居住用地市场与区域发展的协调性,并探究城市群内投入产出效率的空间分异及规模收益状况。研究表明:(1)研究期内,城市群投入产出效率总体偏低,综合效率、纯技术效率和规模效率分别仅为最优水平的59.3%、82.7%和71.8%;(2)城市群投入产出效率高值区多分布于城市群发展规划的轴向线和核心发展圈内,但各城市群的效率水平及其影响因素存在一定差异;(3)城市群内,不同功能定位城市的投入产出效率差异明显,其中节点城市的住宅用地价格与社会经济发展、居民生活状况协调性最优,其次为中心城市,而核心城市和边缘城市效率相对偏低;(4)就投入要素效率而言,住宅用地出让总面积和固定资产投资总额的冗余度均超过50%,亟待通过土地市场和政府管控,以城市功能定位为导向,优化土地出让结构和资金配置模式。
Taking land, population and capital as input resources, the socioeconomic benefits such as land price growth and economic development coordination, land price level and household income rationality are taken as output items, and DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) method is used to analyze 2009 - Coordination of residential land market and regional development in five national urban agglomerations in 2013, and to explore the spatial differentiation and scale returns of input-output efficiency in urban agglomerations. The results show that: (1) In the study period, the input-output efficiency of urban agglomeration is generally low, and the comprehensive efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency are only 59.3%, 82.7% and 71.8% respectively of the optimal level; (2) The high-efficiency input-output areas are mostly distributed in the axial line and core development circle of the urban agglomeration development planning, but there are some differences in the efficiency levels and influencing factors among the urban agglomerations. (3) Within the urban agglomerations, The input-output efficiency of node cities is obviously different. Among them, the node cities have the best coordination of residential land price with social and economic development and residents’ living conditions, followed by central cities, while the core cities and edge cities are relatively inefficient. (4) In terms of efficiency, the total area of land for sale and the total investment in fixed assets are all over 50%. It is imperative to optimize the land transfer structure and capital allocation through land market and government control, orientation of urban functions and positioning.