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在滇西北三江并流地区怒江、澜沧江和金沙江沿江公路及多条翻山公路沿线进行植物群落结构和入侵植物紫茎泽兰分布调查。通过分析紫茎泽兰重要值与样方地理坐标、公路特征及植物群落结构属性之间的关系,定量推断紫茎泽兰扩散的主要影响因子。研究结果表明,在研究区域内,紫茎泽兰广泛分布于怒江流域福贡县城以南、澜沧江流域维西县维登乡以南,未见于境内金沙江流域,其地理分布受到纬度和海拔的限制,北界和上限分别在27.72。N和海拔2546m,但在分布范围内,紫茎泽兰的群落优势度并未反映显著的海拔或纬度梯度格局。紫茎泽兰重要值与群落物种丰富度负相关,且随着到公路距离的增加,紫茎泽兰的群落重要值显著下降,反映群落结构对紫茎泽兰的入侵具有显著的抗性。研究结果表明,与公路相关的生境干扰促进了紫茎泽兰在三江并流地区的入侵,而气候阈值和群落结构的抗性是限制其分布边界和种群多度的关键因子。
Investigation of plant community structure and distribution of the invasive plant Eupatorium adenophorum along the Nujiang, Lancang and Jinshajiang rivers along the Cangshan Mountains along the Three Parallel Rivers in Northwest Yunnan. By analyzing the relationship between the important value of Eupatorium adenophorum and the geographical coordinates of the quadrat, the characteristics of the highway and the structural properties of the plant community, the main influential factors for the diffusion of Eupatorium adenophorum were quantitatively deduced. The results showed that Eupatorium adenophorum was widely distributed in the study area south of Fugong county in the Nujiang River basin and south of Weideng County in the Lancang River basin. It was not found in the Jinsha River basin in China. Its geographical distribution was affected by latitude and altitude Restrictions, the northern boundary and the upper limit were at 27.72. N and elevation 2546m. However, within the distribution range, the community dominance of Eupatorium adenophorum did not reflect a significant gradient pattern of altitude or latitude. The important value of Eupatorium adenophorum was negatively correlated with community species richness. With the increase of the distance to the highway, the importance value of Eupatorium adenophorum decreased significantly, which indicated that the community structure had significant resistance to the invasion of Eupatorium adenophorum. The results show that the highway-related habitat disturbance promotes the invasion of Eupatorium adenophorum in the cocurrent region of the Three Rivers, and the resistance of climate threshold and community structure is the key factor that limits the distribution boundary and population abundance.