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胎儿期的生长发育情况能印迹成年个体的机体功能,低出生体重能增加成年后发生高血压、糖尿病、高血脂等代谢性疾病的风险。低出生体重儿往往伴有血糖皮质激素水平升高。糖皮质激素作为影响生长和发育的重要激素,对胎儿各个器官都具有编码作用。糖皮质激素水平过高可以导致胎儿宫内生长受限、新生儿低体重等。糖皮质激素在“胎儿起源的成年疾病”中扮演重要角色。糖皮质激素胎盘屏障11β-羟基类固醇脱氢酶Ⅱ型(11β-HSD2)在保护胎儿方面起着重要作用。
Fetal growth and development can imprint the body function of adult individuals, low birth weight can increase adult risk of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and other metabolic diseases. Low birth weight infants are often accompanied by elevated blood glucocorticoid levels. Glucocorticoids, as important hormones that affect growth and development, have a coding effect on various organs of the fetus. Glucocorticoid levels can lead to fetal growth restriction, low birth weight and so on. Glucocorticoids play an important role in “adult diseases of fetal origin.” Glucocorticoid placental barrier 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type Ⅱ (11β-HSD2) plays an important role in protecting the fetus.