创伤性脑损伤是婴幼儿死亡的主要原因,幸存患儿常遗留有持久性认知功能缺陷,尤其是4岁以下的伤者。虽然弥漫性轴索损伤是其主要的病理改变,但并发的局部脑挫伤亦 Traumatic brain injury is the leading cause of death in infants and young children. Persistent cognitive deficits often persist in surviving children, especially those under 4 years of age. Although diffuse axonal injury is its major pathological change, concurrent local brain contusion also occurs