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目的探讨手足口病的流行病学及临床特征。方法选取2010年10月—2013年10月贵溪市人民医院儿科门诊收治的手足口病患儿1625例。观察1625例患儿流行病学情况及临床特征。结果患儿发病例数呈逐年递增趋势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);患儿夏季发病占74.0%,高于春、秋、冬3季,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);男性患儿占54.7%,女性患儿占45.3%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);1~5岁患儿占66.9%,高于其他年龄段,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);患儿存在皮疹1625例(100.0%),口腔黏膜疱疹1221例(75.1%),伴发热1136例(69.9%);EV71病毒感染889例(54.7%),CAV16病毒感染561例(34.5%)。结论手足口病预防时应关注夏季及低年龄患儿情况,并通过关注患儿的临床症状做到早发现、早诊断、早治疗,从而提高临床诊疗效果。
Objective To explore the epidemiology and clinical features of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods From January 2010 to October 2013, 1625 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease were admitted to pediatric clinic of Guixi People’s Hospital. Epidemiology and clinical features of 1625 children were observed. Results The incidence of children was increasing year by year, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The incidence of summer sick children accounted for 74.0%, higher than that of spring, autumn and winter (P <0.05) , 54.7% of males and 45.3% of females, with no significant difference (P> 0.05). Children aged 1 ~ 5 years accounted for 66.9%, which was higher than other age groups (P < 0.05). There were 1625 cases (100.0%) of rash, 1221 cases (75.1%) of oral herpes zoster, 1136 cases (69.9%) with fever, 889 cases (54.7%) of EV71 virus infection and 561 cases %). Conclusion The prevention of hand foot and mouth disease should pay attention to the situation of children in summer and low age, and achieve early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment by paying attention to the clinical symptoms of children, so as to improve the clinical diagnosis and treatment effect.