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修辞对构词法、词义均产生过重要影响,构词法中的“修辞构词”就是利用比喻、借代、委婉等修辞方法构成新词。修辞构词法是充分运用形象思维,抓住事物某方面的修辞特征进行构词的方法。近代汉语中修辞学构词法主要包括比喻构词、借代构词、委婉构词、反语构词、夸张构词和谦敬构词等。修辞是通过对构词法的影响最终对词义产生影响的,所以,本文着重探讨修辞对构词法产生的影响。
Rhetoric has an important influence on word formation and word meaning. The word “rhetoric” in word formation means using new rhetoric methods such as metaphor, metonymy and euphemism. Rhetorical word-formation method is to make full use of the image of thinking, grasping the rhetorical characteristics of a certain aspect of the method of word formation. Rhetoric word formation in modern Chinese mainly consists of metaphorical words, metaphorical words, euphemisms, rhetorical words, exaggerated words and humble words. Rhetoric ultimately influences the meaning of the word through its influence on word formation. Therefore, this article focuses on the influence of rhetoric on word formation.