从微观角度看,我们知道根据气体分子运动论可推导出理想气体的压强公式:P=nkT (1)其中 n 为气体分子数密度,k 为玻尔兹曼常数,此公式当然也适用于计算大气压强,但必须注意,大气层受重力作用,n 随着高度的增加而减小.设在海平面处(Z=0)气体分子数密度为 n,又设大气层温度可看作上下均一 From a microscopic point of view, we know that the pressure formula for an ideal gas can be derived from the theory of gas molecular motion: P = nkT (1) where n is the number density of gas molecules and k is the Boltzmann constant. This formula, of course, also applies to calculations. Atmospheric pressure, but it must be noted that the atmosphere is affected by gravity, n decreases with height. At sea level (Z = 0), the number density of gas molecules is n, and the temperature of the atmosphere can be regarded as uniform from top to bottom.