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宁夏土壤侵蚀主要特点是中南部水土流失严重,北部风蚀强。引起土壤侵蚀的发生和发展,主要是受自然和人为两方面因素的影响。这两者既可互相制约,又可互相助长,其中人为因素起着主导作用。在自然因素中有气候、地形、地面组成物质及土壤、植被等不利因素;在人为因素中有盲目开荒,扩大耕地;土地利用结构不合理;铲草皮,烧生灰,灭林毁草等掠夺性的破坏活动。分区治理:一是长城沿线干旱草原风蚀区,主要是严格执行草原法规固定草原使用权,实行定地放牧和分区放牧,防止超载过牧和草原退化;二是黄土丘陵水蚀风蚀区,主要是贯彻执行《水土保持工作条例》,搞好基本农田建设,精耕细作,集约经营,恢复植被,综合治理;三是六盘土石山地水蚀区,主要是保护好现有森林资源,改造次生林,加强人工造林,再现山青水秀。
Soil erosion in Ningxia is characterized by serious soil erosion in central and southern China and strong wind erosion in the north. The occurrence and development of soil erosion are mainly influenced by both natural and man-made factors. These two can not only restrict each other, but also help each other, of which human factors play a leading role. There are natural factors such as climate, terrain, ground composition of materials and soil, vegetation and other unfavorable factors; in man-made factors are blindly open up wasteland, expanding arable land; land use structure is irrational; shovel grass, burning raw ash, Sexual sabotage. Zoning control: First, the arid steppe erosion area along the Great Wall is mainly strictly enforced grassland use of grassland rights, the implementation of grazing and grazing grazing, to prevent overgrazing and grassland degradation; Second loess hilly water erosion area, mainly to implement Implementation of “Soil and Water Conservation Working Regulations”, do a good job of basic farmland construction, intensive farming, intensive management, restoration of vegetation, comprehensive management; Third, Liupan earthy water erosion zone, mainly to protect the existing forest resources, transform secondary forests, strengthen afforestation, Reappearing Shanqingshuixiu.