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目的:调查分析婴幼儿营养性缺铁性贫血(IDA)的现状及相关影响因素。方法:收集淳安县第一人民医院儿童保健管理系统中564例6月～5岁婴幼儿的健康档案资料,建立数据库,进行统计并相关影响因素分析。结果:564例诊断为IDA有89例,患病率为15.78%,性别无明显差异,其中年龄6月～12月患儿占28.78%(40/139)、13月～24月患儿占20.00%(24/120)、25月～36月患儿占8.85%(10/113)、37月～48月患儿占9.47%(9/95)、49月～60月患儿占6.19%(6/97)。相关影响因素分析显示:辅食添加不合理占39.33%(35/89)、辅食添加晚占21.35%(19/89)、丢失过多占14.61%(13/89)、早产占13.48%(12/89)、先天性储铁不足占11.24%(10/89)。结论:婴幼儿缺铁性贫血在6月～12月时是高发期,辅食添加不合理以及辅食添加晚为婴幼儿营养性缺铁性贫血的主要病因,应给予合理均衡的膳食加以预防。
Objective: To investigate and analyze the status of infantile nutritional iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and related factors. Methods: The health records of 564 infants from June to 5 years old in the First People’s Hospital of Chun’an County were collected, and a database was established for statistical analysis and related influencing factors. Results: There were 89 cases diagnosed as IDA in 564 cases, the prevalence rate was 15.78%. There was no significant difference in gender. Among them, 28.78% (40/139) of children were diagnosed as IDA between June and December, and 20.00 (24/120), 8.55% (10/133) in 25-36 months, 9/47 (9/95) in 37-48 months, 6.19% in 49- 60 months 6/97). The analysis of related factors showed that: the unreasonable supplement of food supplement accounted for 39.33% (35/89), the supplemented food accounted for 21.35% (19/89), the excessive loss accounted for 14.61% (13/89) and premature birth accounted for 13.48% (12 / 89), congenital iron deficiency accounts for 11.24% (10/89). CONCLUSIONS: Iron deficiency anemia in infants and young children is the most frequent cause of iron deficiency anemia in infants and young children from June to December. The unreasonable supplementing of complementary food and supplementing food supplement should be given a reasonable and balanced diet to prevent it.