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利用携有和不携有广亲和基因的两类籼粳亚种间杂种为材料,观察其孢子体和配子体的发生过程,明确杂种雌雄配子体败育的特征。结果显示:花粉和胚囊的败育均与小孢子和大孢子第一次有丝分裂异常有关,前者表现为小孢子间有丝分裂不同步,导致部分花粉不能正常成熟和败育;后者表现为大孢子有丝分裂异常(包括一些大孢子有丝分裂的延迟),在成熟的胚珠中不能形成胚囊。利用整体染色技术直接决定了杂种胚囊的育性。不同于携有广亲和基因的杂种,不具广亲和基因的杂种胚囊的败育直接导致了小穗的不孕。花粉的败育和不正常的裂药在两类杂种中通过影响柱头上花粉的萌发量间接控制小穗的受精。
Two kinds of indica-japonica interspecific hybrids with and without broad compatibility genes were used as materials to observe the occurrence of sporophytes and gametophytes and to clarify the characteristics of male and female gametophytes abortion. The results showed that the abortion of pollen and embryo sac were related to the first mitosis of microspores and megaspores. The former showed that microspores did not synchronize with mitosis, resulting in some pollens not being able to mature and abort. The latter showed megaspore Anomalies of mitosis, including some mitoses of megaspore, can not form embryo sacs in mature ovules. The use of overall staining technology directly determines the fertility of hybrid embryo sac. Unlike hybrids carrying a wide compatibility gene, the abortion of a hybrid embryo sac that does not have a broad compatibility gene directly leads to spikelet infertility. Pollen abortion and abnormal split actinomily control spikelet fertility in both species by affecting the germination of pollen on the stigma.