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本文介绍了研究地表风蚀物理过程中风洞实验的方法、内容及结果。实验表明:净风对土表的风蚀作用微弱,即使在遭到大风吹刮时,土表的结壳仍不易受到破坏。但在挟沙气流作用下,却能使土表结壳遭到破坏,风蚀发展异常迅速。自然形成的土表结壳、经风选被粗化的土表和长有草丛的地表均有抑制风蚀的保护作用。本实验在方法上虽属初步尝试,但能说明沙漠化物理过程的一般机制,并为防治按漠化的措施提供依据。
This paper introduces the methods, contents and results of wind tunnel experiment in the process of surface wind erosion. Experiments show that the net wind has a weak effect on the erosion of the soil surface. Even when the wind blows, the crust of the soil surface is still not easily damaged. However, under the action of the sand-laden airflow, the crust of the earth surface can be destroyed and the wind erosion develops exceptionally rapidly. Naturally formed earth surface crusts, roughened by the wind election soil surface and grassy surface have inhibited the protection of wind erosion. Although this experiment is an initial attempt at methodology, it can explain the general mechanism of desertification physical processes and provide the basis for the prevention and control of desertification.