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基于连续性方程和N-S方程,建立了油液在102μm量级通道中流动的数学模型,利用有限元法求得了速度的数值解,并利用CFD软件Fluent分别数值模拟了进口段效应、几何结构参数和重力效应对光滑矩形截面微通道中油液流动特性的影响。结果表明:油液在微通道横截面上的速度分布近似呈抛物线型分布,最大流速在微通道的中心轴线处;进口段效应对油液微流动的影响在通道长度较大时可以忽略;微通道内油液低雷诺数流动的阻力系数随长径比增大而减小,长径比大于75时趋于稳定,而摩擦阻力常数则随高宽比的增大而呈指数级增大;重力效应对油液的微流动可以忽略不计。
Based on continuity equation and Navier-Stokes equations, the mathematical model of oil flow in 102μm channel was established. The numerical solution of velocity was obtained by finite element method. The effects of inlet section, geometry parameters And the effect of gravity on the flow characteristics of oil in smooth rectangular cross section microchannels. The results show that the velocity distribution of the oil in the cross section of the microchannel is approximately parabolic and the maximum velocity is at the central axis of the microchannel. The influence of the inlet section on the oil microfluid can be ignored when the channel length is large. The drag coefficient of low Reynolds number flow in the channel decreases with the increase of the aspect ratio, while the aspect ratio tends to be stable when the aspect ratio is greater than 75, while the frictional resistance constant increases exponentially with the increase of aspect ratio. Gravity effects on oil microfluidic negligible.