亚当.斯密在《国民财富的性质和原因的研究》(简称《国富论》)中提到人的利己本性,认为利己心是人的根本属性,源于利己心既是人类行为的一个主要动力本原,又是经济活动自然正当的原动力。并认为人的利己心完全不同于自私自利,而是与利他心相联系的。利他心是建立在利己心基础上的,二者因“看不见的手”成为有机的统一体。 Adam Smith refers to the egoistic nature of man in the study of the nature and causes of national wealth (referred to as Wealth of Nations for short) and holds that self-interest is the fundamental attribute of human beings. It is both a motive force and a source of self-interest. The original, but also the natural driving force of economic activity. And that people’s own selfishness is completely different from selfishness, but with altruism. Altruistic heart is based on the selfish basis, both because of “invisible hand” into an organic unity.