疾病叙事构成了《红楼梦》重要的部分,兼具审美意义和叙事功能。本文从身份、社会、情节三个方面讨论了疾病对于林黛玉和薛宝钗的不同意义。对林黛玉而言,疾病是认识社会的工具,是避风港和内心情感的宣泄。对薛宝钗而言,疾病和药是彰显社会地位的符号、一种社会资本。小说对二人疾病的刻画,反映了审美理想与伦理理想之间的张力,是儒家知识分子两难境地的写照。 Narrative narrative constitutes the important part of A Dream of Red Mansions, which combines both aesthetic significance and narrative function. This article discusses the different meanings of the disease to Lin Daiyu and Xue Baochai from three aspects of identity, society and plot. For Lin Daiyu, disease is a tool for understanding the society, a safe haven and a catharsis of inner feelings. For Xue Baochai, disease and medicine are symbols of social status, a kind of social capital. The portrayal of the two diseases by the novel reflects the tension between the aesthetic ideals and ethical ideals and is a portrayal of the dilemmas of Confucian intellectuals.