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目的了解佛山市孕妇唐氏综合征、产前筛查和产前诊断的认知情况,分析影响产前筛查与诊断服务利用的主要认知因素,为孕妇的健康教育提供依据。方法采用自行设计的调查问卷,对1 100名门诊产前检查的孕妇进行调查,用χ2检验、Logistic回归分析影响因素。结果唐氏综合征知晓率为88.24%,文化程度是唐氏综合征认知的影响因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),文化程度越高的孕妇知晓率越高,认知程度越高;医务人员是孕妇获取唐氏综合征知识的主要途径;产前筛查和产前诊断的知晓率分别为88.04%和67.93%,未接受唐氏综合征产前筛查的主要认知原因是“不知道唐氏综合征产前筛查时间”和“我们两个都很健康,我的孩子不会得这种病”;不接受产前诊断的主要认知原因是“有风险,害怕流产”。结论文化程度是影响唐氏综合征认知的主要因素,加强对文化程度低的孕妇的健康教育;重视医务人员对孕妇的健康教育;重点进行唐氏产前筛查的时间、唐氏综合征发生原因及产前诊断手术安全性等知识的健康教育。
Objective To understand the cognitive status of Down’s syndrome, prenatal screening and prenatal diagnosis in pregnant women in Foshan City, and to analyze the main cognitive factors influencing the utilization of prenatal screening and diagnostic services so as to provide evidences for pregnant women’s health education. Methods A survey questionnaire was designed by ourselves to investigate 1,100 prenatal pregnant women who were diagnosed by outpatient antenatal examination. Chi-square test and Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors. Results The awareness rate of Down Syndrome was 88.24%. The educational level was the influencing factor of Down’s syndrome cognition, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The higher the awareness of pregnant women with higher educational level, the higher the cognitive level High; medical staff is the main way for pregnant women to acquire knowledge of Down Syndrome; awareness rate of prenatal screening and prenatal diagnosis were 88.04% and 67.93%, respectively, and did not accept the main cognitive causes of Down’s syndrome prenatal screening Yes, “I do not know the prenatal screening time for Down Syndrome” and “Both of us are healthy and my child does not get the disease.” The main cognitive reason for not accepting prenatal diagnosis is “Risky, afraid of abortion.” Conclusions The educational level is the main factor affecting the cognition of Down Syndrome, enhancing the health education of pregnant women with low educational level, attaching importance to health education of pregnant women by medical staff, focusing on Down’s prenatal screening time, Down’s Syndrome Causes and prenatal diagnosis of surgical safety knowledge of health education.