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大量化石燃料的燃烧造成二氧化碳等温室气体的过量排放,严重影响了全球的环境与气候变化。固体吸附剂由于易处理、能重复使用、原材料损耗小而受到二氧化碳捕集领域的广泛关注。主要针对近些年来发展起来的新型固体二氧化碳吸附剂优缺点进行了分析比较。根据其吸附温度的不同,分别以低温、中温和高温3类吸附剂进行分类讨论。重点讨论了高温固体钙基吸附剂的吸附性能,以及其常见的改性方法,由于其吸附量高、原材料丰富、成本低等优点,氧化钙基吸附剂被认为是最理想的高温吸附剂。
The burning of large quantities of fossil fuels causes excessive emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, seriously affecting the global environment and climate change. Solid adsorbents have attracted widespread attention in the field of carbon dioxide capture because of their ease of handling, reusability and small material losses. The main advantages and disadvantages of the new type of solid carbon dioxide adsorbent developed in recent years are analyzed and compared. According to their different adsorption temperature, respectively, three kinds of low temperature, medium temperature and high temperature adsorbent classification discussion. The adsorption properties of high temperature solid calcium-based sorbents and their common modification methods are mainly discussed. Calcium oxide-based sorbents are considered as the best high-temperature sorbents because of their high adsorption capacity, abundant raw materials and low cost.